NAME

	ar – archive (library) file format

SYNOPSIS

	#include <ar.h>

DESCRIPTION

The archive command ar(1) is used to combine several files into one. Archives are used mainly as libraries to be searched by the loaders 2l(1) et al. A file produced by ar has a magic string at the start, followed by the constituent files, each preceded by a file header. The magic number and header layout as described in the include file are: #define ARMAG     "!<arch>\n" #define SARMAG    8 #define ARFMAG    "`\n" struct ar_hdr { char      name[16]; char      date[12]; char      uid[6]; char      gid[6]; char      mode[8]; char      size[10]; char      fmag[2]; }; #define SAR_HDR 60 The name is a blank–padded string. The fmag field contains ARFMAG to help verify the presence of a header. The other fields are left–adjusted, blank–padded numbers. They are decimal except for mode, which is octal. The date is the modification date of the file (see stat(2)) at the time of its insertion into the archive. The mode is the low 9 bits of the file permission mode. The length of the header is SAR_HDR. Because the ar_hdr structure is padded in an architecture–dependent manner, the structure should never be read or written as a unit; instead, each field should be read or written independently. Each file begins on an even (0 mod 2) boundary; a newline is inserted between files if necessary. Nevertheless size reflects the actual size of the file exclusive of padding. When all members of an archive are object files of the same architecture, ar automatically adds an extra file, named __.SYMDEF, as the first member of the archive. This file contains an index used by the loaders to locate all externally defined text and data symbols in the archive. There is no provision for empty areas in an archive file.

SEE ALSO

	ar(1), 2l(1), nm(1), stat(2)

BUGS

	The uid and gid fields are unused in Plan 9. They provide compatibility with Unix ar format.