// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package flate

import (
	"io";
	"math";
	"os";
	"strconv";
)

const (
	// The largest offset code.
	offsetCodeCount	= 30;

	// The largest offset code in the extensions.
	extendedOffsetCodeCount	= 42;

	// The special code used to mark the end of a block.
	endBlockMarker	= 256;

	// The first length code.
	lengthCodesStart	= 257;

	// The number of codegen codes.
	codegenCodeCount	= 19;
	badCode			= 255;
)

// The number of extra bits needed by length code X - LENGTH_CODES_START.
var lengthExtraBits = []int8{
	/* 257 */ 0, 0, 0,
	/* 260 */ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2,
	/* 270 */ 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4,
	/* 280 */ 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 0,
}

// The length indicated by length code X - LENGTH_CODES_START.
var lengthBase = []uint32{
	0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10,
	12, 14, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 40, 48, 56,
	64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 160, 192, 224, 255,
}

// offset code word extra bits.
var offsetExtraBits = []int8{
	0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3,
	4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7, 8, 8,
	9, 9, 10, 10, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 13,
	/* extended window */
	14, 14, 15, 15, 16, 16, 17, 17, 18, 18, 19, 19, 20, 20,
}

var offsetBase = []uint32{
	/* normal deflate */
	0x000000, 0x000001, 0x000002, 0x000003, 0x000004,
	0x000006, 0x000008, 0x00000c, 0x000010, 0x000018,
	0x000020, 0x000030, 0x000040, 0x000060, 0x000080,
	0x0000c0, 0x000100, 0x000180, 0x000200, 0x000300,
	0x000400, 0x000600, 0x000800, 0x000c00, 0x001000,
	0x001800, 0x002000, 0x003000, 0x004000, 0x006000,

	/* extended window */
	0x008000, 0x00c000, 0x010000, 0x018000, 0x020000,
	0x030000, 0x040000, 0x060000, 0x080000, 0x0c0000,
	0x100000, 0x180000, 0x200000, 0x300000,
}

// The odd order in which the codegen code sizes are written.
var codegenOrder = []uint32{16, 17, 18, 0, 8, 7, 9, 6, 10, 5, 11, 4, 12, 3, 13, 2, 14, 1, 15}

type huffmanBitWriter struct {
	w	io.Writer;
	// Data waiting to be written is bytes[0:nbytes]
	// and then the low nbits of bits.
	bits		uint32;
	nbits		uint32;
	bytes		[64]byte;
	nbytes		int;
	literalFreq	[]int32;
	offsetFreq	[]int32;
	codegen		[]uint8;
	codegenFreq	[]int32;
	literalEncoding	*huffmanEncoder;
	offsetEncoding	*huffmanEncoder;
	codegenEncoding	*huffmanEncoder;
	err		os.Error;
}

type WrongValueError struct {
	name	string;
	from	int32;
	to	int32;
	value	int32;
}

func newHuffmanBitWriter(w io.Writer) *huffmanBitWriter {
	return &huffmanBitWriter{
		w: w,
		literalFreq: make([]int32, maxLit),
		offsetFreq: make([]int32, extendedOffsetCodeCount),
		codegen: make([]uint8, maxLit+extendedOffsetCodeCount+1),
		codegenFreq: make([]int32, codegenCodeCount),
		literalEncoding: newHuffmanEncoder(maxLit),
		offsetEncoding: newHuffmanEncoder(extendedOffsetCodeCount),
		codegenEncoding: newHuffmanEncoder(codegenCodeCount),
	}
}

func (err WrongValueError) String() string {
	return "huffmanBitWriter: " + err.name + " should belong to [" + strconv.Itoa64(int64(err.from)) + ";" +
		strconv.Itoa64(int64(err.to)) + "] but actual value is " + strconv.Itoa64(int64(err.value))
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) flushBits() {
	if w.err != nil {
		w.nbits = 0;
		return;
	}
	bits := w.bits;
	w.bits >>= 16;
	w.nbits -= 16;
	n := w.nbytes;
	w.bytes[n] = byte(bits);
	w.bytes[n+1] = byte(bits >> 8);
	if n += 2; n >= len(w.bytes) {
		_, w.err = w.w.Write(&w.bytes);
		n = 0;
	}
	w.nbytes = n;
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) flush() {
	if w.err != nil {
		w.nbits = 0;
		return;
	}
	n := w.nbytes;
	if w.nbits > 8 {
		w.bytes[n] = byte(w.bits);
		w.bits >>= 8;
		w.nbits -= 8;
		n++;
	}
	if w.nbits > 0 {
		w.bytes[n] = byte(w.bits);
		w.nbits = 0;
		n++;
	}
	w.bits = 0;
	_, w.err = w.w.Write(w.bytes[0:n]);
	w.nbytes = 0;
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeBits(b, nb int32) {
	w.bits |= uint32(b) << w.nbits;
	if w.nbits += uint32(nb); w.nbits >= 16 {
		w.flushBits()
	}
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeBytes(bytes []byte) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	n := w.nbytes;
	if w.nbits == 8 {
		w.bytes[n] = byte(w.bits);
		w.nbits = 0;
		n++;
	}
	if w.nbits != 0 {
		w.err = InternalError("writeBytes with unfinished bits");
		return;
	}
	if n != 0 {
		_, w.err = w.w.Write(w.bytes[0:n]);
		if w.err != nil {
			return
		}
	}
	w.nbytes = 0;
	_, w.err = w.w.Write(bytes);
}

// RFC 1951 3.2.7 specifies a special run-length encoding for specifiying
// the literal and offset lengths arrays (which are concatenated into a single
// array).  This method generates that run-length encoding.
//
// The result is written into the codegen array, and the frequencies
// of each code is written into the codegenFreq array.
// Codes 0-15 are single byte codes. Codes 16-18 are followed by additional
// information.  Code badCode is an end marker
//
//  numLiterals      The number of literals in literalEncoding
//  numOffsets       The number of offsets in offsetEncoding
func (w *huffmanBitWriter) generateCodegen(numLiterals int, numOffsets int) {
	fillInt32s(w.codegenFreq, 0);
	// Note that we are using codegen both as a temporary variable for holding
	// a copy of the frequencies, and as the place where we put the result.
	// This is fine because the output is always shorter than the input used
	// so far.
	codegen := w.codegen;	// cache
	// Copy the concatenated code sizes to codegen.  Put a marker at the end.
	copyUint8s(codegen[0:numLiterals], w.literalEncoding.codeBits);
	copyUint8s(codegen[numLiterals:numLiterals+numOffsets], w.offsetEncoding.codeBits);
	codegen[numLiterals+numOffsets] = badCode;

	size := codegen[0];
	count := 1;
	outIndex := 0;
	for inIndex := 1; size != badCode; inIndex++ {
		// INVARIANT: We have seen "count" copies of size that have not yet
		// had output generated for them.
		nextSize := codegen[inIndex];
		if nextSize == size {
			count++;
			continue;
		}
		// We need to generate codegen indicating "count" of size.
		if size != 0 {
			codegen[outIndex] = size;
			outIndex++;
			w.codegenFreq[size]++;
			count--;
			for count >= 3 {
				n := min(count, 6);
				codegen[outIndex] = 16;
				outIndex++;
				codegen[outIndex] = uint8(n - 3);
				outIndex++;
				w.codegenFreq[16]++;
				count -= n;
			}
		} else {
			for count >= 11 {
				n := min(count, 138);
				codegen[outIndex] = 18;
				outIndex++;
				codegen[outIndex] = uint8(n - 11);
				outIndex++;
				w.codegenFreq[18]++;
				count -= n;
			}
			if count >= 3 {
				// count >= 3 && count <= 10
				codegen[outIndex] = 17;
				outIndex++;
				codegen[outIndex] = uint8(count - 3);
				outIndex++;
				w.codegenFreq[17]++;
				count = 0;
			}
		}
		count--;
		for ; count >= 0; count-- {
			codegen[outIndex] = size;
			outIndex++;
			w.codegenFreq[size]++;
		}
		// Set up invariant for next time through the loop.
		size = nextSize;
		count = 1;
	}
	// Marker indicating the end of the codegen.
	codegen[outIndex] = badCode;
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeCode(code *huffmanEncoder, literal uint32) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	w.writeBits(int32(code.code[literal]), int32(code.codeBits[literal]));
}

// Write the header of a dynamic Huffman block to the output stream.
//
//  numLiterals  The number of literals specified in codegen
//  numOffsets   The number of offsets specified in codegen
//  numCodegens  Tne number of codegens used in codegen
func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeDynamicHeader(numLiterals int, numOffsets int, numCodegens int, isEof bool) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	var firstBits int32 = 4;
	if isEof {
		firstBits = 5
	}
	w.writeBits(firstBits, 3);
	w.writeBits(int32(numLiterals-257), 5);
	if numOffsets > offsetCodeCount {
		// Extended version of deflater
		w.writeBits(int32(offsetCodeCount+((numOffsets-(1+offsetCodeCount))>>3)), 5);
		w.writeBits(int32((numOffsets-(1+offsetCodeCount))&0x7), 3);
	} else {
		w.writeBits(int32(numOffsets-1), 5)
	}
	w.writeBits(int32(numCodegens-4), 4);

	for i := 0; i < numCodegens; i++ {
		value := w.codegenEncoding.codeBits[codegenOrder[i]];
		w.writeBits(int32(value), 3);
	}

	i := 0;
	for {
		var codeWord int = int(w.codegen[i]);
		i++;
		if codeWord == badCode {
			break
		}
		// The low byte contains the actual code to generate.
		w.writeCode(w.codegenEncoding, uint32(codeWord));

		switch codeWord {
		case 16:
			w.writeBits(int32(w.codegen[i]), 2);
			i++;
			break;
		case 17:
			w.writeBits(int32(w.codegen[i]), 3);
			i++;
			break;
		case 18:
			w.writeBits(int32(w.codegen[i]), 7);
			i++;
			break;
		}
	}
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeStoredHeader(length int, isEof bool) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	var flag int32;
	if isEof {
		flag = 1
	}
	w.writeBits(flag, 3);
	w.flush();
	w.writeBits(int32(length), 16);
	w.writeBits(int32(^uint16(length)), 16);
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeFixedHeader(isEof bool) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	// Indicate that we are a fixed Huffman block
	var value int32 = 2;
	if isEof {
		value = 3
	}
	w.writeBits(value, 3);
}

func (w *huffmanBitWriter) writeBlock(tokens []token, eof bool, input []byte) {
	if w.err != nil {
		return
	}
	fillInt32s(w.literalFreq, 0);
	fillInt32s(w.offsetFreq, 0);

	n := len(tokens);
	tokens = tokens[0 : n+1];
	tokens[n] = endBlockMarker;

	totalLength := -1;	// Subtract 1 for endBlock.
	for _, t := range tokens {
		switch t.typ() {
		case literalType:
			w.literalFreq[t.literal()]++;
			totalLength++;
			break;
		case matchType:
			length := t.length();
			offset := t.offset();
			totalLength += int(length + 3);
			w.literalFreq[lengthCodesStart+lengthCode(length)]++;
			w.offsetFreq[offsetCode(offset)]++;
			break;
		}
	}
	w.literalEncoding.generate(w.literalFreq, 15);
	w.offsetEncoding.generate(w.offsetFreq, 15);

	// get the number of literals
	numLiterals := len(w.literalFreq);
	for w.literalFreq[numLiterals-1] == 0 {
		numLiterals--
	}
	// get the number of offsets
	numOffsets := len(w.offsetFreq);
	for numOffsets > 1 && w.offsetFreq[numOffsets-1] == 0 {
		numOffsets--
	}
	storedBytes := 0;
	if input != nil {
		storedBytes = len(input)
	}
	var extraBits int64;
	var storedSize int64;
	if storedBytes <= maxStoreBlockSize && input != nil {
		storedSize = int64((storedBytes + 5) * 8);
		// We only bother calculating the costs of the extra bits required by
		// the length of offset fields (which will be the same for both fixed
		// and dynamic encoding), if we need to compare those two encodings
		// against stored encoding.
		for lengthCode := lengthCodesStart + 8; lengthCode < numLiterals; lengthCode++ {
			// First eight length codes have extra size = 0.
			extraBits += int64(w.literalFreq[lengthCode]) * int64(lengthExtraBits[lengthCode-lengthCodesStart])
		}
		for offsetCode := 4; offsetCode < numOffsets; offsetCode++ {
			// First four offset codes have extra size = 0.
			extraBits += int64(w.offsetFreq[offsetCode]) * int64(offsetExtraBits[offsetCode])
		}
	} else {
		storedSize = math.MaxInt32
	}

	// Figure out which generates smaller code, fixed Huffman, dynamic
	// Huffman, or just storing the data.
	var fixedSize int64 = math.MaxInt64;
	if numOffsets <= offsetCodeCount {
		fixedSize = int64(3) +
			fixedLiteralEncoding.bitLength(w.literalFreq) +
			fixedOffsetEncoding.bitLength(w.offsetFreq) +
			extraBits
	}
	// Generate codegen and codegenFrequencies, which indicates how to encode
	// the literalEncoding and the offsetEncoding.
	w.generateCodegen(numLiterals, numOffsets);
	w.codegenEncoding.generate(w.codegenFreq, 7);
	numCodegens := len(w.codegenFreq);
	for numCodegens > 4 && w.codegenFreq[codegenOrder[numCodegens-1]] == 0 {
		numCodegens--
	}
	extensionSummand := 0;
	if numOffsets > offsetCodeCount {
		extensionSummand = 3
	}
	dynamicHeader := int64(3+5+5+4+(3*numCodegens)) +
		// Following line is an extension.
		int64(extensionSummand) +
		w.codegenEncoding.bitLength(w.codegenFreq) +
		int64(extraBits) +
		int64(w.codegenFreq[16]*2) +
		int64(w.codegenFreq[17]*3) +
		int64(w.codegenFreq[18]*7);
	dynamicSize := dynamicHeader +
		w.literalEncoding.bitLength(w.literalFreq) +
		w.offsetEncoding.bitLength(w.offsetFreq);

	if storedSize < fixedSize && storedSize < dynamicSize {
		w.writeStoredHeader(storedBytes, eof);
		w.writeBytes(input[0:storedBytes]);
		return;
	}
	var literalEncoding *huffmanEncoder;
	var offsetEncoding *huffmanEncoder;

	if fixedSize <= dynamicSize {
		w.writeFixedHeader(eof);
		literalEncoding = fixedLiteralEncoding;
		offsetEncoding = fixedOffsetEncoding;
	} else {
		// Write the header.
		w.writeDynamicHeader(numLiterals, numOffsets, numCodegens, eof);
		literalEncoding = w.literalEncoding;
		offsetEncoding = w.offsetEncoding;
	}

	// Write the tokens.
	for _, t := range tokens {
		switch t.typ() {
		case literalType:
			w.writeCode(literalEncoding, t.literal());
			break;
		case matchType:
			// Write the length
			length := t.length();
			lengthCode := lengthCode(length);
			w.writeCode(literalEncoding, lengthCode+lengthCodesStart);
			extraLengthBits := int32(lengthExtraBits[lengthCode]);
			if extraLengthBits > 0 {
				extraLength := int32(length - lengthBase[lengthCode]);
				w.writeBits(extraLength, extraLengthBits);
			}
			// Write the offset
			offset := t.offset();
			offsetCode := offsetCode(offset);
			w.writeCode(offsetEncoding, offsetCode);
			extraOffsetBits := int32(offsetExtraBits[offsetCode]);
			if extraOffsetBits > 0 {
				extraOffset := int32(offset - offsetBase[offsetCode]);
				w.writeBits(extraOffset, extraOffsetBits);
			}
			break;
		default:
			panic("unknown token type: " + string(t))
		}
	}
}