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setup
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%%Page: 1 1
/saveobj save def
mark
1 pagesetup
12 /Times-Bold f
(User) 2238 1230 w
(manual) 2507 1230 w
(for) 2925 1230 w
(Netpbm) 3108 1230 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Netpbm) 720 1920 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Updated: 24 August 2006) 720 2076 w
(<?makeman .SH NAME ?> <?makeman netpbm ) 720 2196 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode20 f
(\023) 2693 2196 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(netpbm library overview ?>) 2768 2196 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Overview Of Netpbm) 720 2436 w
(Netpbm) 720 2628 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is a package of graphics programs and a programming library.) 1089 2628 w
(There are over 220 separate programs in the package,) 745 2784 w
(most) 2905 2784 w
(of) 3126 2784 w
(which) 3235 2784 w
(have) 3505 2784 w
("pbm",) 3719 2784 w
("pgm",) 4030 2784 w
("ppm",) 4341 2784 w
("pam",) 4652 2784 w
(or) 4957 2784 w
("pnm" in their names.) 720 2904 w
(For example,) 1646 2904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamscale) 2198 2904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 2617 2904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(giftopnm) 2786 2904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3175 2904 w
(For) 720 3060 w
(example,) 885 3060 w
(you) 1274 3060 w
(might) 1450 3060 w
(use) 1711 3060 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamscale) 1871 3060 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 2292 3060 w
(shrink) 2397 3060 w
(an) 2674 3060 w
(image) 2795 3060 w
(by) 3066 3060 w
(10%.) 3193 3060 w
(Or) 3453 3060 w
(use) 3585 3060 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamcomp) 3745 3060 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 4194 3060 w
(overlay) 4299 3060 w
(one) 4625 3060 w
(image) 4796 3060 w
(on) 720 3180 w
(top) 849 3180 w
(of) 1006 3180 w
(another.) 1118 3180 w
(Or) 1495 3180 w
(use) 1628 3180 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pbmtext) 1789 3180 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 2172 3180 w
(create) 2278 3180 w
(an) 2543 3180 w
(image) 2665 3180 w
(of) 2937 3180 w
(text.) 3048 3180 w
(Or) 3276 3180 w
(reduce) 3409 3180 w
(the) 3702 3180 w
(number) 3852 3180 w
(of) 4185 3180 w
(colors) 4296 3180 w
(in) 4568 3180 w
(an) 4674 3180 w
(image) 4796 3180 w
(with) 720 3300 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnmquant) 923 3300 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1369 3300 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Netpbm) 720 3456 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is an open source software package, distributed via the Sourceforge) 1089 3456 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm) 3807 3456 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(project.) 4160 3456 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Table Of Contents) 720 3696 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3888 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Overview Of Netpbm) 970 3888 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4044 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The Netpbm Formats) 970 4044 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4200 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Implied Format Conversion) 970 4200 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4356 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Netpbm and Transparency) 970 4356 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The Netpbm Programs) 970 4548 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4704 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Common Options) 970 4704 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4860 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Directory) 970 4860 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5016 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(How To Use The Programs) 970 5016 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5208 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The Netpbm Library) 970 5208 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5364 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(netpbm\255config) 970 5364 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5520 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Memory Usage) 970 5520 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5676 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(CPU Usage) 970 5676 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5832 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Companion Software) 970 5832 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5988 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(PHP\255NetPBM) 970 5988 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6180 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Other Graphics Software) 970 6180 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6336 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Image Viewers) 970 6336 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6492 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Visual Graphics Software) 970 6492 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6648 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Programming Tools) 970 6648 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6804 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Tools For Specific Graphics Formats) 970 6804 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6960 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Document/Graphics Software) 970 6960 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 7116 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Other) 970 7116 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 7308 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Other Graphics Formats) 970 7308 w
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2 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 2 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(History) 970 840 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 996 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Author) 970 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(The Netpbm Programs) 720 1272 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The) 720 1464 w
(Netpbm) 902 1464 w
(programs) 1251 1464 w
(are) 1655 1464 w
(generally) 1803 1464 w
(useful) 2201 1464 w
(run) 2472 1464 w
(by) 2633 1464 w
(a) 2761 1464 w
(person) 2833 1464 w
(from) 3127 1464 w
(a) 3349 1464 w
(command) 3421 1464 w
(shell,) 3843 1464 w
(but) 4085 1464 w
(are) 4241 1464 w
(also) 4390 1464 w
(designed) 4579 1464 w
(to) 4962 1464 w
(be) 720 1584 w
(used) 846 1584 w
(by) 1061 1584 w
(programs.) 1193 1584 w
(A) 1652 1584 w
(common) 1756 1584 w
(characteristic) 2138 1584 w
(of) 2701 1584 w
(Netpbm) 2816 1584 w
(programs) 3170 1584 w
(is) 3579 1584 w
(that) 3678 1584 w
(they) 3860 1584 w
(are) 4064 1584 w
(simple,) 4217 1584 w
(fundamental) 4541 1584 w
(building) 720 1704 w
(blocks.) 1083 1704 w
(They) 1423 1704 w
(are) 1657 1704 w
(most) 1807 1704 w
(powerful) 2031 1704 w
(when) 2420 1704 w
(stacked) 2665 1704 w
(in) 2993 1704 w
(pipelines.) 3101 1704 w
(Netpbm) 3542 1704 w
(programs) 3894 1704 w
(do) 4301 1704 w
(not) 4431 1704 w
(use) 4589 1704 w
(graphi\255) 4752 1704 w
(cal) 720 1824 w
(user) 863 1824 w
(interfaces) 1056 1824 w
(and) 1470 1824 w
(do) 1641 1824 w
(not) 1768 1824 w
(seek) 1923 1824 w
(input) 2127 1824 w
(from) 2360 1824 w
(a) 2581 1824 w
(user.) 2652 1824 w
(The) 2895 1824 w
(only) 3077 1824 w
(programs) 3282 1824 w
(that) 3686 1824 w
(display) 3863 1824 w
(graphics) 4179 1824 w
(at) 4544 1824 w
(all) 4643 1824 w
(are) 4770 1824 w
(the) 4918 1824 w
(very primitive display programs) 720 1944 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamx) 2030 1944 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 2294 1944 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmsvgalib) 2463 1944 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, and they don't do anything but that.) 2959 1944 w
(Each of these programs has its own manual, as linked in the directory below.) 720 2100 w
(The) 720 2256 w
(Netpbm) 912 2256 w
(programs) 1271 2256 w
(can) 1685 2256 w
(read) 1861 2256 w
(and) 2070 2256 w
(write) 2252 2256 w
(files) 2495 2256 w
(greater) 2705 2256 w
(than) 3019 2256 w
(2) 3229 2256 w
(GiB) 3317 2256 w
(wherever) 3522 2256 w
(the) 3930 2256 w
(underlying) 4090 2256 w
(system) 4561 2256 w
(can.) 4877 2256 w
(There) 720 2376 w
(may) 983 2376 w
(be) 1186 2376 w
(exceptions) 1311 2376 w
(where) 1769 2376 w
(the) 2043 2376 w
(programs) 2196 2376 w
(use) 2604 2376 w
(external) 2767 2376 w
(libraries) 3118 2376 w
(\(The) 3475 2376 w
(JPEG) 3693 2376 w
(library,) 3951 2376 w
(etc.\)) 4272 2376 w
(to) 4476 2376 w
(access) 4584 2376 w
(files) 4868 2376 w
(and) 720 2496 w
(the) 892 2496 w
(external) 1042 2496 w
(library) 1391 2496 w
(does) 1685 2496 w
(not) 1896 2496 w
(have) 2052 2496 w
(large) 2268 2496 w
(file) 2495 2496 w
(capability.) 2656 2496 w
(Before) 3128 2496 w
(Netpbm) 3427 2496 w
(10.15) 3777 2496 w
(\(April) 4030 2496 w
(2003\),) 4302 2496 w
(no) 4589 2496 w
(Netpbm) 4718 2496 w
(program could read a file that large.) 720 2616 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Common Options) 720 2856 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(There are a few options that are) 720 3048 w
(present) 2008 3048 w
(on) 2322 3048 w
(all) 2448 3048 w
(programs) 2574 3048 w
(that) 2977 3048 w
(are) 3153 3048 w
(based) 3300 3048 w
(on) 3553 3048 w
(the) 3679 3048 w
(Netpbm) 3827 3048 w
(library,) 4175 3048 w
(including) 4492 3048 w
(vir\255) 4896 3048 w
(tually all Netpbm programs.) 720 3168 w
(These are not mentioned in the individual manuals for the programs.) 1897 3168 w
(You can use two hyphens instead of one on these options if you like.) 720 3324 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255quiet) 970 3480 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Suppress) 1246 3480 w
(all) 1633 3480 w
(informational) 1759 3480 w
(messages) 2330 3480 w
(that) 2734 3480 w
(would) 2911 3480 w
(otherwise) 3188 3480 w
(be) 3603 3480 w
(issued) 3724 3480 w
(to) 4001 3480 w
(Standard) 4106 3480 w
(Error.) 4488 3480 w
(\(To) 4775 3480 w
(be) 4946 3480 w
(precise,) 1220 3600 w
(this) 1553 3600 w
(only) 1724 3600 w
(works) 1928 3600 w
(to) 2198 3600 w
(the) 2302 3600 w
(extent) 2450 3600 w
(that) 2720 3600 w
(the) 2896 3600 w
(program) 3044 3600 w
(in) 3408 3600 w
(question) 3512 3600 w
(implements the Netpbm con\255) 3877 3600 w
(vention) 1220 3720 w
(of) 1559 3720 w
(issuing) 1681 3720 w
(all) 2004 3720 w
(informational) 2143 3720 w
(messages) 2726 3720 w
(via) 3143 3720 w
(the) 3305 3720 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3467 3720 w
10 /S f
(_) 3606 3720 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 3656 3720 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(service) 4111 3720 w
(of) 4433 3720 w
(the) 4556 3720 w
(Netpbm) 4718 3720 w
(library\).) 1220 3840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255version) 970 3996 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Instead) 1314 3996 w
(of) 1636 3996 w
(doing) 1753 3996 w
(anything) 2015 3996 w
(else,) 2399 3996 w
(report) 2613 3996 w
(the) 2885 3996 w
(version) 3041 3996 w
(of) 3369 3996 w
(the) 3487 3996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 3644 3996 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(library) 4119 3996 w
(linked) 4420 3996 w
(with) 4705 3996 w
(the) 4918 3996 w
(program) 1220 4116 w
(\(it) 1599 4116 w
(may) 1728 4116 w
(have) 1940 4116 w
(been) 2168 4116 w
(linked) 2396 4116 w
(statically) 2686 4116 w
(into) 3087 4116 w
(the) 3283 4116 w
(program,) 3445 4116 w
(or) 3848 4116 w
(dynamically) 3971 4116 w
(linked) 4505 4116 w
(at) 4795 4116 w
(run) 4907 4116 w
(time\).) 1220 4236 w
(Normally,) 1514 4236 w
(the) 1955 4236 w
(Netpbm) 2110 4236 w
(programs) 2465 4236 w
(and) 2875 4236 w
(the) 3052 4236 w
(library) 3207 4236 w
(are) 3506 4236 w
(installed) 3661 4236 w
(at) 4034 4236 w
(the) 4140 4236 w
(same) 4296 4236 w
(time,) 4535 4236 w
(so) 4772 4236 w
(this) 4895 4236 w
(tells you the version of the program and all the other Netpbm files it uses as well.) 1220 4356 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255plain) 970 4512 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(If) 1221 4512 w
(the) 1323 4512 w
(program) 1481 4512 w
(generates) 1855 4512 w
(an) 2267 4512 w
(image) 2397 4512 w
(in) 2677 4512 w
(Netpbm) 2791 4512 w
(format,) 3149 4512 w
(generate) 3476 4512 w
(it) 3849 4512 w
(in) 3941 4512 w
(the) 4056 4512 w
("plain") 4215 4512 w
(\(aka) 4534 4512 w
("ascii"\)) 4742 4512 w
(version of the format, as opposed to the "raw" \(aka "binary"\) version.) 1220 4632 w
(This option was introduced in Netpbm 10.10 \(October 2002\).) 970 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Directory) 720 5028 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Here is a complete list of all the Netpbm programs \(with links to their manuals\):) 720 5220 w
(Netpbm program directory) 720 5376 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(How To Use The Programs) 720 5616 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(As) 720 5808 w
(a) 867 5808 w
(collection) 947 5808 w
(of) 1377 5808 w
(primitive) 1496 5808 w
(tools,) 1899 5808 w
(the) 2155 5808 w
(power) 2313 5808 w
(of) 2598 5808 w
(Netpbm) 2717 5808 w
(is) 3075 5808 w
(multiplied) 3178 5808 w
(by) 3626 5808 w
(the) 3762 5808 w
(power) 3920 5808 w
(of) 4205 5808 w
(all) 4324 5808 w
(the) 4461 5808 w
(other) 4620 5808 w
(unix) 4862 5808 w
(tools) 720 5928 w
(you) 946 5928 w
(can) 1127 5928 w
(use) 1296 5928 w
(with) 1460 5928 w
(them.) 1669 5928 w
(These) 1950 5928 w
(notes) 2219 5928 w
(remind) 2461 5928 w
(you) 2775 5928 w
(of) 2956 5928 w
(some) 3070 5928 w
(of) 3312 5928 w
(the) 3426 5928 w
(more) 3579 5928 w
(useful) 3815 5928 w
(ways) 4090 5928 w
(to) 4325 5928 w
(do) 4433 5928 w
(this.) 4563 5928 w
(Often,) 4788 5928 w
(when) 720 6048 w
(people) 962 6048 w
(want) 1254 6048 w
(to) 1474 6048 w
(add) 1578 6048 w
(high) 1748 6048 w
(level) 1952 6048 w
(functions) 2172 6048 w
(to) 2570 6048 w
(the) 2674 6048 w
(Netpbm) 2822 6048 w
(tools,) 3170 6048 w
(they) 3416 6048 w
(have) 3614 6048 w
(overlooked) 3828 6048 w
(some) 4303 6048 w
(existing) 4540 6048 w
(tool) 4884 6048 w
(that, in combination with Netpbm, already does it.) 720 6168 w
(Often, you need to apply some conversion or edit to a whole bunch of files.) 720 6324 w
(As) 720 6480 w
(a) 864 6480 w
(rule,) 941 6480 w
(Netpbm) 1154 6480 w
(programs) 1509 6480 w
(take) 1919 6480 w
(one) 2118 6480 w
(input) 2295 6480 w
(file) 2534 6480 w
(and) 2700 6480 w
(produce) 2877 6480 w
(one) 3231 6480 w
(output) 3409 6480 w
(file,) 3699 6480 w
(usually) 3891 6480 w
(on) 4214 6480 w
(Standard) 4348 6480 w
(Output.) 4737 6480 w
(This is for flexibility, since you so often have to pipeline many tools together.) 720 6600 w
(Here is an example of a shell command to convert all your of PNG files \(named *.png\) to JPEG) 720 6756 w
(files) 4576 6756 w
(named) 4774 6756 w
(*.jpg:) 720 6876 w
(for i in *.png; do pngtopnm $i ) 720 7056 w
10 /S f
(\357) 1954 7056 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(ppmtojpeg >`basename $i .png`.jpg; done) 2028 7056 w
(Or) 720 7272 w
(you) 857 7272 w
(might) 1039 7272 w
(just) 1305 7272 w
(generate) 1482 7272 w
(a) 1851 7272 w
(stream) 1927 7272 w
(of) 2225 7272 w
(individual) 2340 7272 w
(shell) 2778 7272 w
(commands,) 2999 7272 w
(one) 3489 7272 w
(per) 3665 7272 w
(file,) 3824 7272 w
(with) 4014 7272 w
(awk) 4224 7272 w
(or) 4422 7272 w
(perl.) 4537 7272 w
(Here's) 4775 7272 w
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10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 3 \255) 2797 480 w
(how to brighten 30 YUV images that make up one second of a movie, keeping the images in the same files:) 720 840 w
(ls *.yuv) 720 1020 w
10 /S f
(\357) 795 1140 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(perl \255ne 'chomp;) 869 1140 w
(print yuvtoppm $) 795 1260 w
10 /S f
(_) 1490 1260 w
10 /Times-Roman f
10 /S f
(\357) 1565 1260 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(ppmbrighten \255v 100 ) 1639 1260 w
10 /S f
(\357) 2458 1260 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(ppmtoyuv >tmp$$.yuv;) 2532 1260 w
(mv tmp$$.yuv $) 795 1380 w
10 /S f
(_) 1454 1380 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(') 795 1500 w
10 /S f
(\357) 795 1620 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(sh) 869 1620 w
(The tools) 720 1836 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(find) 1120 1836 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\(with the) 1318 1836 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255exec) 1701 1836 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(option\) and) 1941 1836 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xargs) 2424 1836 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are also useful for simple manipulation of groups of files.) 2682 1836 w
(Some shells' "process substitution" facility can help where a non\255Netpbm program expects you to) 720 1992 w
(identify) 4659 1992 w
(a) 4996 1992 w
(disk) 720 2112 w
(file) 921 2112 w
(for) 1088 2112 w
(input) 1238 2112 w
(and) 1478 2112 w
(you) 1656 2112 w
(want) 1840 2112 w
(it) 2068 2112 w
(to) 2158 2112 w
(use) 2270 2112 w
(the) 2437 2112 w
(result) 2593 2112 w
(of) 2849 2112 w
(a) 2966 2112 w
(Netpbm) 3043 2112 w
(manipulation.) 3398 2112 w
(Say) 4009 2112 w
(the) 4192 2112 w
(hypothetical) 4347 2112 w
(pro\255) 4874 2112 w
(gram) 720 2232 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(printcmyk) 950 2232 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(takes the filename of a Tiff CMYK file as input and what you have is a) 1425 2232 w
(PNG) 4293 2232 w
(file) 4519 2232 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(abc.png) 4678 2232 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 5015 2232 w
(Try:) 720 2352 w
(printcmyk <\({ pngtopnm abc.png ) 720 2532 w
10 /S f
(\357) 2087 2532 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(pnmtotiffcmyk ; }\)) 2161 2532 w
(It) 720 2748 w
(works) 808 2748 w
(in) 1079 2748 w
(the) 1184 2748 w
(other) 1333 2748 w
(direction) 1565 2748 w
(too,) 1947 2748 w
(if) 2127 2748 w
(you) 2215 2748 w
(have) 2392 2748 w
(a) 2607 2748 w
(program) 2679 2748 w
(that) 3045 2748 w
(makes) 3223 2748 w
(you) 3506 2748 w
(name) 3684 2748 w
(its) 3928 2748 w
(output) 4051 2748 w
(file) 4335 2748 w
(and) 4496 2748 w
(you) 4668 2748 w
(want) 4846 2748 w
(the output to go through a Netpbm tool.) 720 2868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(The Netpbm Formats) 720 3108 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(All) 720 3300 w
(of) 881 3300 w
(the) 997 3300 w
(programs) 1153 3300 w
(work) 1564 3300 w
(with) 1803 3300 w
(a) 2015 3300 w
(set) 2093 3300 w
(of) 2238 3300 w
(graphics) 2355 3300 w
(formats) 2727 3300 w
(called) 3066 3300 w
(the) 3338 3300 w
("netpbm") 3494 3300 w
(formats.) 3910 3300 w
(Specifically,) 4299 3300 w
(these) 4835 3300 w
(formats) 720 3420 w
(are) 1054 3420 w
(pbm,) 1204 3420 w
(pgm,) 1436 3420 w
(ppm,) 1668 3420 w
(and) 1900 3420 w
(pam.) 2073 3420 w
(The) 2324 3420 w
(first) 2508 3420 w
(three) 2697 3420 w
(of) 2924 3420 w
(these) 3035 3420 w
(are) 3268 3420 w
(sometimes) 3417 3420 w
(known) 3873 3420 w
(generically) 4173 3420 w
(as) 4644 3420 w
("pnm".) 4755 3420 w
(Many) 720 3540 w
(of) 984 3540 w
(the) 1098 3540 w
(Netpbm) 1251 3540 w
(programs) 1604 3540 w
(convert) 2013 3540 w
(from) 2344 3540 w
(a) 2570 3540 w
(Netpbm) 2646 3540 w
(format) 3000 3540 w
(to) 3298 3540 w
(another) 3408 3540 w
(format) 3739 3540 w
(or) 4037 3540 w
(vice) 4152 3540 w
(versa.) 4350 3540 w
(This) 4642 3540 w
(is) 4852 3540 w
(so) 4951 3540 w
(you) 720 3660 w
(can) 898 3660 w
(use) 1064 3660 w
(the) 1225 3660 w
(Netpbm) 1374 3660 w
(programs) 1723 3660 w
(to) 2127 3660 w
(work) 2232 3660 w
(on) 2464 3660 w
(graphics) 2591 3660 w
(of) 2956 3660 w
(any) 3066 3660 w
(format.) 3237 3660 w
(It) 3580 3660 w
(is) 3668 3660 w
(also) 3762 3660 w
(common) 3950 3660 w
(to) 4327 3660 w
(use) 4432 3660 w
(a) 4592 3660 w
(combina\255) 4663 3660 w
(tion) 720 3780 w
(of) 902 3780 w
(Netpbm) 1011 3780 w
(programs) 1360 3780 w
(to) 1764 3780 w
(convert) 1869 3780 w
(from) 2195 3780 w
(one) 2416 3780 w
(non\255Netpbm) 2587 3780 w
(format) 3119 3780 w
(to) 3412 3780 w
(another) 3517 3780 w
(non\255Netpbm) 3843 3780 w
(format.) 4375 3780 w
(Netpbm) 4718 3780 w
(has) 720 3900 w
(converters) 883 3900 w
(for) 1328 3900 w
(about) 1474 3900 w
(100) 1726 3900 w
(graphics) 1906 3900 w
(formats,) 2274 3900 w
(and) 2633 3900 w
(as) 2806 3900 w
(a) 2918 3900 w
(package) 2991 3900 w
(Netpbm) 3346 3900 w
(lets) 3697 3900 w
(you) 3865 3900 w
(do) 4044 3900 w
(more) 4173 3900 w
(graphics) 4407 3900 w
(format) 4774 3900 w
(conversions than any other computer graphics facility.) 720 4020 w
(The) 720 4176 w
(Netpbm) 905 4176 w
(formats) 1257 4176 w
(are) 1592 4176 w
(all) 1743 4176 w
(raster) 1873 4176 w
(formats,) 2124 4176 w
(i.e.) 2484 4176 w
(they) 2636 4176 w
(describe) 2838 4176 w
(an) 3200 4176 w
(image) 3324 4176 w
(as) 3598 4176 w
(a) 3711 4176 w
(matrix) 3785 4176 w
(of) 4076 4176 w
(rows) 4189 4176 w
(and) 4413 4176 w
(columns) 4587 4176 w
(of) 4957 4176 w
(pixels.) 720 4296 w
(In) 1040 4296 w
(the) 1154 4296 w
(PBM) 1307 4296 w
(format,) 1550 4296 w
(the) 1872 4296 w
(pixels) 2025 4296 w
(are) 2295 4296 w
(black) 2447 4296 w
(and) 2694 4296 w
(white.) 2869 4296 w
(In) 3172 4296 w
(the) 3286 4296 w
(PGM) 3439 4296 w
(format,) 3687 4296 w
(pixels) 4009 4296 w
(are) 4278 4296 w
(shades) 4429 4296 w
(of) 4725 4296 w
(gray.) 4838 4296 w
(In) 720 4416 w
(the) 831 4416 w
(PPM) 981 4416 w
(format,) 1210 4416 w
(the) 1529 4416 w
(pixels) 1679 4416 w
(are) 1946 4416 w
(in) 2095 4416 w
(full) 2201 4416 w
(color.) 2368 4416 w
(The) 2651 4416 w
(PAM) 2835 4416 w
(format) 3081 4416 w
(is) 3376 4416 w
(more) 3472 4416 w
(sophisticated.) 3706 4416 w
(A) 4307 4416 w
(replacement) 4408 4416 w
(for) 4924 4416 w
(all) 720 4536 w
(three) 846 4536 w
(of) 1071 4536 w
(the) 1180 4536 w
(other) 1328 4536 w
(formats,) 1559 4536 w
(it) 1915 4536 w
(can) 1997 4536 w
(represent) 2161 4536 w
(matrices) 2552 4536 w
(of) 2916 4536 w
(general data including but not limited to black and) 3025 4536 w
(white, grayscale, and color images.) 720 4656 w
(Programs designed to work) 720 4812 w
(with) 1842 4812 w
(PBM) 2046 4812 w
(images) 2284 4812 w
(have) 2593 4812 w
("pbm") 2807 4812 w
(in) 3093 4812 w
(their) 3197 4812 w
(names.) 3406 4812 w
(Programs) 3737 4812 w
(designed) 4146 4812 w
(to) 4527 4812 w
(work) 4631 4812 w
(with) 4862 4812 w
(PGM, PPM, and PAM images similarly have "pgm", "ppm", and "pam" in their names.) 720 4932 w
(All) 720 5088 w
(Netpbm) 891 5088 w
(programs) 1256 5088 w
(designed) 1676 5088 w
(to) 2074 5088 w
(read) 2195 5088 w
(PGM) 2409 5088 w
(images) 2669 5088 w
(see) 2995 5088 w
(PBM) 3165 5088 w
(images) 3420 5088 w
(as) 3746 5088 w
(if) 3872 5088 w
(they) 3976 5088 w
(were) 4192 5088 w
(PGM) 4429 5088 w
(too.) 4690 5088 w
(All) 4912 5088 w
(Netpbm) 720 5208 w
(programs) 1080 5208 w
(designed) 1495 5208 w
(to) 1888 5208 w
(read) 2004 5208 w
(PPM) 2213 5208 w
(images) 2452 5208 w
(see) 2773 5208 w
(PGM) 2938 5208 w
(and) 3193 5208 w
(PBM) 3375 5208 w
(images) 3625 5208 w
(as) 3946 5208 w
(if) 4067 5208 w
(they) 4166 5208 w
(were) 4376 5208 w
(PPM.) 4607 5208 w
(See) 4896 5208 w
(Implied Format Conversion.) 720 5328 w
(Programs that) 745 5484 w
(have) 1329 5484 w
("pnm") 1543 5484 w
(in) 1829 5484 w
(their) 1933 5484 w
(names) 2142 5484 w
(read) 2423 5484 w
(PBM,) 2620 5484 w
(PGM,) 2883 5484 w
(and) 3151 5484 w
(PPM) 3321 5484 w
(but) 3548 5484 w
(unlike) 3702 5484 w
("ppm") 3978 5484 w
(programs,) 4264 5484 w
(they) 4692 5484 w
(dis\255) 4890 5484 w
(tinguish) 720 5604 w
(between) 1074 5604 w
(them) 1437 5604 w
(and) 1668 5604 w
(their) 1843 5604 w
(function) 2057 5604 w
(depends) 2421 5604 w
(on) 2779 5604 w
(the) 2910 5604 w
(format.) 3063 5604 w
(For) 3410 5604 w
(example,) 3580 5604 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnmtopng) 3974 5604 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(creates) 4444 5604 w
(a) 4750 5604 w
(black) 4824 5604 w
(and white PNG output image if its input is PBM or PGM, but a color PNG output) 720 5724 w
(image) 4011 5724 w
(if) 4281 5724 w
(its) 4368 5724 w
(input) 4489 5724 w
(is) 4721 5724 w
(PPM.) 4814 5724 w
(And) 720 5844 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnmrotate) 919 5844 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(produces) 1395 5844 w
(an) 1782 5844 w
(output) 1903 5844 w
(image) 2186 5844 w
(of) 2457 5844 w
(the) 2567 5844 w
(same) 2716 5844 w
(format) 2948 5844 w
(as) 3241 5844 w
(the) 3351 5844 w
(input.) 3499 5844 w
(A) 3781 5844 w
(hypothetical) 3879 5844 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmrotate) 4399 5844 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(pro\255) 4874 5844 w
(gram) 720 5964 w
(would) 953 5964 w
(also) 1231 5964 w
(read) 1420 5964 w
(all) 1619 5964 w
(three) 1747 5964 w
(PNM) 1974 5964 w
(input) 2219 5964 w
(formats,) 2454 5964 w
(but) 2813 5964 w
(would) 2970 5964 w
(see) 3249 5964 w
(them) 3405 5964 w
(all) 3634 5964 w
(as) 3763 5964 w
(PPM) 3875 5964 w
(and) 4105 5964 w
(would) 4278 5964 w
(always) 4557 5964 w
(gen\255) 4863 5964 w
(erate PPM output.) 720 6084 w
(Programs) 720 6240 w
(that) 1130 6240 w
(have) 1307 6240 w
("pam") 1522 6240 w
(in) 1803 6240 w
(their) 1908 6240 w
(names) 2118 6240 w
(read) 2400 6240 w
(all) 2598 6240 w
(the) 2725 6240 w
(Netpbm) 2874 6240 w
(formats:) 3223 6240 w
(PBM,) 3583 6240 w
(PGM,) 3847 6240 w
(PPM,) 4116 6240 w
(and) 4369 6240 w
(PAM.) 4540 6240 w
(They) 4835 6240 w
(sometimes) 720 6360 w
(treat) 1174 6360 w
(them) 1377 6360 w
(all as if they are PAM, using an implied conversion, but often they recognize the indi\255) 1603 6360 w
(vidual formats and behave accordingly, like a "pnm" program does.) 720 6480 w
(See Implied Format Conversion.) 3472 6480 w
(If) 745 6636 w
(it) 842 6636 w
(seems) 929 6636 w
(wasteful) 1204 6636 w
(to) 1573 6636 w
(you) 1682 6636 w
(to) 1863 6636 w
(have) 1973 6636 w
(three) 2193 6636 w
(separate) 2424 6636 w
(PNM) 2782 6636 w
(formats,) 3031 6636 w
(be) 3393 6636 w
(aware) 3519 6636 w
(that) 3788 6636 w
(there) 3970 6636 w
(is) 4201 6636 w
(a) 4300 6636 w
(historical) 4376 6636 w
(reason) 4780 6636 w
(for) 720 6756 w
(it.) 862 6756 w
(In) 994 6756 w
(the) 1103 6756 w
(beginning,) 1251 6756 w
(there) 1702 6756 w
(were) 1927 6756 w
(only) 2146 6756 w
(PBMs.) 2350 6756 w
(PGMs) 2677 6756 w
(came) 2959 6756 w
(later, and then PPMs.) 3195 6756 w
(Much later came PAM,) 4103 6756 w
(which realizes the possibility of having just one aggregate format.) 720 6876 w
(The formats are described in the specifications of) 720 7032 w
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(pbm) 2715 7032 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 2910 7032 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pgm) 2960 7032 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 3149 7032 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppm) 3199 7032 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, and) 3394 7032 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pam) 3613 7032 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3802 7032 w
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(\255 4 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Implied Format Conversion) 720 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(A program that uses the PGM library subroutines to read an image can read a PBM image as well as) 720 1032 w
(a) 4753 1032 w
(PGM) 4823 1032 w
(image.) 720 1152 w
(The) 1046 1152 w
(program) 1233 1152 w
(sees) 1603 1152 w
(the) 1801 1152 w
(PBM) 1955 1152 w
(image) 2199 1152 w
(as) 2475 1152 w
(if) 2590 1152 w
(it) 2683 1152 w
(were) 2770 1152 w
(the) 2994 1152 w
(equivalent) 3147 1152 w
(PGM) 3594 1152 w
(image,) 3842 1152 w
(with) 4142 1152 w
(a) 4351 1152 w
(maxval) 4426 1152 w
(of) 4751 1152 w
(255.) 4865 1152 w
(note:) 720 1272 w
(This) 947 1272 w
(sometimes) 1152 1272 w
(confuses) 1607 1272 w
(people) 1983 1272 w
(who) 2276 1272 w
(are) 2475 1272 w
(looking) 2623 1272 w
(at) 2956 1272 w
(the) 3055 1272 w
(formats) 3204 1272 w
(at) 3536 1272 w
(a) 3635 1272 w
(lower) 3706 1272 w
(layer) 3960 1272 w
(than) 4186 1272 w
(they) 4385 1272 w
(ought) 4584 1272 w
(to) 4840 1272 w
(be) 4946 1272 w
(because a zero value in a PBM raster means white, while a zero value in a PGM raster means black.) 720 1392 w
(A) 720 1548 w
(program) 818 1548 w
(that) 1182 1548 w
(uses) 1358 1548 w
(the) 1556 1548 w
(PPM) 1704 1548 w
(library) 1931 1548 w
(subroutines) 2223 1548 w
(to) 2710 1548 w
(read) 2814 1548 w
(an) 3011 1548 w
(image) 3131 1548 w
(can) 3401 1548 w
(read) 3565 1548 w
(a) 3763 1548 w
(PGM) 3834 1548 w
(image) 4078 1548 w
(as) 4349 1548 w
(well) 4459 1548 w
(as) 4658 1548 w
(a) 4768 1548 w
(PPM) 4839 1548 w
(image) 720 1668 w
(and) 992 1668 w
(a) 1164 1668 w
(PBM) 1236 1668 w
(image) 1476 1668 w
(as) 1748 1668 w
(well) 1859 1668 w
(as) 2059 1668 w
(a) 2170 1668 w
(PGM) 2242 1668 w
(image.) 2487 1668 w
(The) 2809 1668 w
(program) 2992 1668 w
(sees) 3358 1668 w
(the) 3552 1668 w
(PBM) 3702 1668 w
(or) 3941 1668 w
(PGM) 4051 1668 w
(image) 4295 1668 w
(as) 4566 1668 w
(if) 4676 1668 w
(it) 4764 1668 w
(were) 4847 1668 w
(the) 720 1788 w
(equivalent) 870 1788 w
(PPM) 1314 1788 w
(image,) 1543 1788 w
(with) 1840 1788 w
(a) 2046 1788 w
(maxval) 2118 1788 w
(of) 2440 1788 w
(255) 2551 1788 w
(in) 2729 1788 w
(the) 2835 1788 w
(PBM) 2985 1788 w
(case) 3225 1788 w
(and) 3424 1788 w
(the) 3596 1788 w
(same) 3746 1788 w
(maxval) 3979 1788 w
(as) 4302 1788 w
(the) 4414 1788 w
(PGM) 4565 1788 w
(in) 4811 1788 w
(the) 4918 1788 w
(PGM case.) 720 1908 w
(A) 720 2064 w
(program) 822 2064 w
(that) 1190 2064 w
(uses) 1370 2064 w
(the) 1572 2064 w
(PAM) 1724 2064 w
(library) 1971 2064 w
(subroutines) 2267 2064 w
(to) 2758 2064 w
(read) 2866 2064 w
(an) 3067 2064 w
(image) 3191 2064 w
(can) 3465 2064 w
(read) 3633 2064 w
(a) 3834 2064 w
(PBM,) 3909 2064 w
(PGM,) 4177 2064 w
(or) 4450 2064 w
(PPM) 4564 2064 w
(image) 4796 2064 w
(as) 720 2184 w
(well) 838 2184 w
(as) 1045 2184 w
(a) 1163 2184 w
(PAM) 1242 2184 w
(image.) 1494 2184 w
(The) 1823 2184 w
(program) 2013 2184 w
(sees) 2386 2184 w
(a) 2587 2184 w
(PBM) 2666 2184 w
(image) 2913 2184 w
(as) 3192 2184 w
(if) 3310 2184 w
(it) 3406 2184 w
(were) 3497 2184 w
(the) 3725 2184 w
(equivalent) 3882 2184 w
(PAM) 4333 2184 w
(image) 4584 2184 w
(with) 4862 2184 w
(tuple) 720 2304 w
(type) 947 2304 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(BLACKANDWHITE) 1146 2304 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2069 2304 w
(It) 2146 2304 w
(sees) 2235 2304 w
(a) 2429 2304 w
(PGM) 2501 2304 w
(image) 2746 2304 w
(as) 3018 2304 w
(if) 3129 2304 w
(it) 3218 2304 w
(were) 3302 2304 w
(the) 3523 2304 w
(equivalent) 3673 2304 w
(PAM) 4117 2304 w
(image) 4362 2304 w
(with) 4634 2304 w
(tuple) 4840 2304 w
(type) 720 2424 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(GRAYSCALE) 924 2424 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1552 2424 w
(It) 1634 2424 w
(sees) 1727 2424 w
(a) 1925 2424 w
(PPM) 2001 2424 w
(image) 2234 2424 w
(as) 2510 2424 w
(if) 2625 2424 w
(it) 2718 2424 w
(were) 2806 2424 w
(the) 3031 2424 w
(equivalent) 3185 2424 w
(PAM) 3632 2424 w
(image) 3880 2424 w
(with) 4155 2424 w
(tuple) 4364 2424 w
(type) 4595 2424 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(RGB) 4798 2424 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 5015 2424 w
(But) 720 2544 w
(the) 896 2544 w
(program) 1050 2544 w
(actually) 1420 2544 w
(can) 1768 2544 w
(see) 1938 2544 w
(deeper) 2097 2544 w
(if) 2394 2544 w
(it) 2487 2544 w
(wants) 2575 2544 w
(to.) 2840 2544 w
(It) 3000 2544 w
(can) 3093 2544 w
(tell) 3263 2544 w
(exactly) 3423 2544 w
(which) 3743 2544 w
(format) 4019 2544 w
(the) 4317 2544 w
(input) 4471 2544 w
(was) 4709 2544 w
(and) 4896 2544 w
(may) 720 2664 w
(respond) 925 2664 w
(accordingly.) 1274 2664 w
(For) 1828 2664 w
(example,) 2000 2664 w
(a) 2396 2664 w
(PAM) 2473 2664 w
(program) 2723 2664 w
(typically) 3094 2664 w
(produces) 3477 2664 w
(output) 3870 2664 w
(in) 4158 2664 w
(the) 4268 2664 w
(same) 4422 2664 w
(format) 4659 2664 w
(as) 4957 2664 w
(its input.) 720 2784 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Netpbm and Transparency) 720 3024 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(In) 720 3216 w
(many) 835 3216 w
(graphics) 1089 3216 w
(formats,) 1459 3216 w
(there's) 1821 3216 w
(a) 2124 3216 w
(means) 2200 3216 w
(of) 2488 3216 w
(indicating) 2604 3216 w
(that) 3037 3216 w
(certain) 3220 3216 w
(parts) 3524 3216 w
(of) 3751 3216 w
(the) 3867 3216 w
(image) 4022 3216 w
(are) 4299 3216 w
(wholly) 4453 3216 w
(or) 4764 3216 w
(par\255) 4880 3216 w
(tially) 720 3336 w
(transparent,) 966 3336 w
(meaning) 1474 3336 w
(that) 1858 3336 w
(if) 2048 3336 w
(it) 2149 3336 w
(were) 2245 3336 w
(displayed) 2478 3336 w
("over") 2901 3336 w
(another) 3200 3336 w
(image,) 3539 3336 w
(the) 3848 3336 w
(other) 4010 3336 w
(image) 4255 3336 w
(would) 4539 3336 w
(show) 4829 3336 w
(through there.) 720 3456 w
(Netpbm) 1331 3456 w
(formats) 1679 3456 w
(deliberately) 2010 3456 w
(omit) 2507 3456 w
(that) 2717 3456 w
(capability,) 2893 3456 w
(since) 3338 3456 w
(their) 3569 3456 w
(purpose) 3778 3456 w
(is) 4120 3456 w
(to) 4213 3456 w
(be) 4317 3456 w
(extremely) 4437 3456 w
(sim\255) 4862 3456 w
(ple.) 720 3576 w
(In) 720 3732 w
(Netpbm,) 829 3732 w
(you) 1202 3732 w
(handle) 1378 3732 w
(transparency) 1671 3732 w
(via) 2207 3732 w
(a) 2356 3732 w
(transparency) 2427 3732 w
(mask) 2963 3732 w
(in) 3201 3732 w
(a) 3306 3732 w
(separate) 3377 3732 w
(\(slightly) 3730 3732 w
(redefined\)) 4091 3732 w
(PGM) 4527 3732 w
(image.) 4771 3732 w
(In) 720 3852 w
(this) 831 3852 w
(pseudo\255PGM,) 1004 3852 w
(what) 1590 3852 w
(would) 1812 3852 w
(normally) 2090 3852 w
(be) 2479 3852 w
(a) 2601 3852 w
(pixel's) 2673 3852 w
(intensity) 2973 3852 w
(is) 3346 3852 w
(instead) 3441 3852 w
(an) 3752 3852 w
(opaqueness) 3874 3852 w
(value.) 4362 3852 w
(See) 4655 3852 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pgm) 4826 3852 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 5015 3852 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamcomp) 720 3972 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is an example of a program that uses a PGM transparency mask.) 1167 3972 w
(Another) 720 4128 w
(means) 1085 4128 w
(of) 1378 4128 w
(representing) 1499 4128 w
(transparency) 2030 4128 w
(information) 2577 4128 w
(has) 3087 4128 w
(recently) 3258 4128 w
(developed) 3617 4128 w
(in) 4065 4128 w
(Netpbm,) 4181 4128 w
(using) 4567 4128 w
(PAM) 4823 4128 w
(images.) 720 4248 w
(In) 1092 4248 w
(spite) 1213 4248 w
(of) 1440 4248 w
(the) 1561 4248 w
(argument) 1721 4248 w
(given) 2136 4248 w
(above) 2396 4248 w
(that) 2672 4248 w
(Netpbm) 2860 4248 w
(formats) 3220 4248 w
(should) 3563 4248 w
(be) 3868 4248 w
(too) 4000 4248 w
(simple) 4166 4248 w
(to) 4471 4248 w
(have) 4587 4248 w
(trans\255) 4813 4248 w
(parency) 720 4368 w
(information) 1072 4368 w
(built) 1581 4368 w
(in,) 1802 4368 w
(it) 1942 4368 w
(turns) 2035 4368 w
(out) 2272 4368 w
(to) 2437 4368 w
(be) 2552 4368 w
(extremely) 2683 4368 w
(inconvenient) 3119 4368 w
(to) 3672 4368 w
(have) 3787 4368 w
(to) 4013 4368 w
(carry) 4129 4368 w
(the) 4371 4368 w
(transparency) 4531 4368 w
(information) 720 4488 w
(around) 1222 4488 w
(separately.) 1529 4488 w
(This) 2013 4488 w
(is) 2220 4488 w
(primarily) 2316 4488 w
(because) 2717 4488 w
(Unix) 3061 4488 w
(shells) 3290 4488 w
(don't) 3547 4488 w
(provide) 3787 4488 w
(easy) 4121 4488 w
(ways) 4327 4488 w
(to) 4561 4488 w
(have) 4668 4488 w
(net\255) 4885 4488 w
(works) 720 4608 w
(of) 996 4608 w
(pipelines.) 1111 4608 w
(You) 1554 4608 w
(get) 1758 4608 w
(one) 1912 4608 w
(input) 2088 4608 w
(and) 2326 4608 w
(one) 2502 4608 w
(output) 2679 4608 w
(from) 2968 4608 w
(each) 3195 4608 w
(program) 3410 4608 w
(in) 3781 4608 w
(a) 3892 4608 w
(pipeline.) 3969 4608 w
(So) 4374 4608 w
(you'd) 4513 4608 w
(like) 4779 4608 w
(to) 4962 4608 w
(have) 720 4728 w
(both) 935 4728 w
(the) 1140 4728 w
(color) 1289 4728 w
(information) 1521 4728 w
(and) 2020 4728 w
(the) 2191 4728 w
(transparency) 2340 4728 w
(information) 2876 4728 w
(for) 3375 4728 w
(an) 3518 4728 w
(image) 3638 4728 w
(in) 3908 4728 w
(the) 4012 4728 w
(same) 4160 4728 w
(pipe) 4391 4728 w
(at) 4589 4728 w
(the) 4687 4728 w
(same) 4835 4728 w
(time.) 720 4848 w
(For) 720 5004 w
(that) 903 5004 w
(reason,) 1097 5004 w
(some) 1426 5004 w
(new) 1681 5004 w
(\(and) 1891 5004 w
(recently) 2112 5004 w
(renovated\)) 2477 5004 w
(Netpbm) 2947 5004 w
(programs) 3313 5004 w
(recognize) 3734 5004 w
(and) 4165 5004 w
(generate) 4353 5004 w
(a) 4734 5004 w
(PAM) 4823 5004 w
(image) 720 5124 w
(with) 1006 5124 w
(tuple) 1226 5124 w
(type) 1468 5124 w
(RGB) 1682 5124 w
10 /S f
(_) 1888 5124 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(ALPHA) 1938 5124 w
(or) 2313 5124 w
(GRAYSCALE) 2438 5124 w
10 /S f
(_) 3038 5124 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(ALPHA,) 3088 5124 w
(which) 3488 5124 w
(contains) 3774 5124 w
(a) 4149 5124 w
(plane) 4235 5124 w
(for) 4493 5124 w
(the) 4650 5124 w
(trans\255) 4813 5124 w
(parency information.) 720 5244 w
(See the PAM specification.) 1607 5244 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(The Netpbm Library) 720 5484 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The) 720 5676 w
(Netpbm) 913 5676 w
(programming) 1273 5676 w
(library,) 1855 5676 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 2184 5676 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 2624 5676 w
(makes) 2687 5676 w
(it) 2981 5676 w
(easy) 3076 5676 w
(to) 3292 5676 w
(write) 3409 5676 w
(programs) 3653 5676 w
(that) 4069 5676 w
(manipulate) 4258 5676 w
(graphic) 4741 5676 w
(images.) 720 5796 w
(Its) 1084 5796 w
(main) 1214 5796 w
(function) 1444 5796 w
(is) 1807 5796 w
(to) 1904 5796 w
(read) 2012 5796 w
(and) 2213 5796 w
(write) 2387 5796 w
(files) 2622 5796 w
(in) 2824 5796 w
(the) 2932 5796 w
(Netpbm) 3084 5796 w
(formats,) 3436 5796 w
(and) 3796 5796 w
(because) 3970 5796 w
(the) 4315 5796 w
(Netpbm) 4467 5796 w
(pack\255) 4819 5796 w
(age) 720 5916 w
(contains) 889 5916 w
(converters) 1253 5916 w
(for) 1699 5916 w
(all) 1846 5916 w
(the) 1977 5916 w
(popular) 2130 5916 w
(graphics) 2466 5916 w
(formats,) 2835 5916 w
(if) 3196 5916 w
(your) 3288 5916 w
(program) 3502 5916 w
(reads) 3871 5916 w
(and) 4112 5916 w
(writes) 4288 5916 w
(the) 4564 5916 w
(Netpbm) 4718 5916 w
(formats, you can use it with any formats.) 720 6036 w
(But the library also contain some utility functions, such as character drawing and RGB/YCrCb conversion.) 720 6192 w
(The) 720 6348 w
(library) 902 6348 w
(has) 1195 6348 w
(the) 1355 6348 w
(conventional) 1504 6348 w
(C) 2047 6348 w
(linkage.) 2141 6348 w
(Virtually) 2512 6348 w
(all) 2900 6348 w
(programs) 3027 6348 w
(in) 3431 6348 w
(the) 3536 6348 w
(Netpbm) 3685 6348 w
(package) 4034 6348 w
(are) 4387 6348 w
(based) 4535 6348 w
(on) 4790 6348 w
(the) 4918 6348 w
(Netpbm library.) 720 6468 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 720 6708 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(In) 720 6900 w
(a) 844 6900 w
(standard) 929 6900 w
(installation) 1308 6900 w
(of) 1794 6900 w
(Netpbm,) 1918 6900 w
(there) 2306 6900 w
(is) 2547 6900 w
(a) 2656 6900 w
(program) 2742 6900 w
(named) 3122 6900 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 3430 6900 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(in) 4094 6900 w
(the) 4214 6900 w
(regular) 4378 6900 w
(program) 4702 6900 w
(search) 720 7020 w
(path.) 1000 7020 w
(We don't consider this a Netpbm program \255\255 it's just an ancillary part of a Netpbm installation.) 1248 7020 w
(This) 720 7140 w
(program) 930 7140 w
(tells) 1300 7140 w
(you) 1499 7140 w
(information) 1681 7140 w
(about) 2185 7140 w
(the) 2439 7140 w
(Netpbm) 2593 7140 w
(installation,) 2947 7140 w
(and) 3449 7140 w
(is) 3625 7140 w
(intended) 3724 7140 w
(to) 4100 7140 w
(be) 4210 7140 w
(run) 4337 7140 w
(by) 4503 7140 w
(other) 4636 7140 w
(pro\255) 4874 7140 w
(grams) 720 7260 w
(that) 1005 7260 w
(interface) 1196 7260 w
(with) 1585 7260 w
(Netpbm.) 1804 7260 w
(In) 2216 7260 w
(fact,) 2339 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 2553 7260 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 3215 7260 w
(really) 3322 7260 w
(a) 3589 7260 w
(configuration) 3673 7260 w
(file,) 4251 7260 w
(like) 4449 7260 w
(those) 4639 7260 w
(you) 4890 7260 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
%%EndPage: 4 4
%%Page: 5 5
/saveobj save def
mark
5 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 5 \255) 2797 480 w
(typically see in the) 720 840 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(/etc/) 1497 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(directory of a Unix system.) 1694 840 w
(Example:) 720 996 w
($netpbm\255config \255\255datadir) 820 1176 w
(/usr/local/netpbm/data) 820 1296 w
(If) 720 1476 w
(you) 813 1476 w
(write) 990 1476 w
(a) 1223 1476 w
(program) 1295 1476 w
(that) 1661 1476 w
(needs) 1839 1476 w
(to) 2094 1476 w
(access) 2200 1476 w
(a) 2482 1476 w
(Netpbm) 2554 1476 w
(data) 2904 1476 w
(file,) 3098 1476 w
(it) 3284 1476 w
(can) 3368 1476 w
(use) 3534 1476 w
(such) 3695 1476 w
(a) 3906 1476 w
(shell) 3978 1476 w
(command) 4195 1476 w
(to) 4617 1476 w
(find) 4723 1476 w
(out) 4912 1476 w
(where the Netpbm data files are.) 720 1596 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 720 1752 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 1368 1752 w
(the) 1461 1752 w
(only) 1609 1752 w
(file) 1813 1752 w
(that) 1972 1752 w
(must) 2148 1752 w
(be) 2369 1752 w
(installed) 2489 1752 w
(in) 2854 1752 w
(a) 2958 1752 w
(standard) 3028 1752 w
(directory) 3392 1752 w
(\(it) 3778 1752 w
(must) 3893 1752 w
(be) 4114 1752 w
(in) 4234 1752 w
(a) 4338 1752 w
(directory) 4409 1752 w
(that) 4796 1752 w
(is) 4973 1752 w
(in) 720 1872 w
(the) 844 1872 w
(default) 1011 1872 w
(program) 1333 1872 w
(search) 1716 1872 w
(path\).) 2015 1872 w
(You) 2315 1872 w
(can) 2532 1872 w
(use) 2715 1872 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 2893 1872 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(as) 3560 1872 w
(a) 3688 1872 w
(bootstrap) 3777 1872 w
(to) 4194 1872 w
(find) 4317 1872 w
(all) 4523 1872 w
(the) 4668 1872 w
(other) 4835 1872 w
(Netpbm files.) 720 1992 w
(There) 720 2148 w
(is) 979 2148 w
(no) 1073 2148 w
(detailed) 1200 2148 w
(documentation) 1543 2148 w
(of) 2164 2148 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(netpbm\255config) 2274 2148 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2896 2148 w
(If) 2973 2148 w
(you're) 3066 2148 w
(in) 3353 2148 w
(a) 3458 2148 w
(position) 3529 2148 w
(to) 3879 2148 w
(use) 3984 2148 w
(it,) 4144 2148 w
(you) 4252 2148 w
(should) 4429 2148 w
(have) 4724 2148 w
(no) 4940 2148 w
(trouble reading the file itself to figure out how to use it.) 720 2268 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Memory Usage) 720 2508 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(An) 720 2700 w
(important) 878 2700 w
(characteristic) 1303 2700 w
(that) 1870 2700 w
(varies) 2056 2700 w
(among) 2330 2700 w
(graphics) 2638 2700 w
(software) 3013 2700 w
(is) 3393 2700 w
(how) 3497 2700 w
(much) 3706 2700 w
(memory) 3965 2700 w
(it) 4335 2700 w
(uses,) 4428 2700 w
(and) 4662 2700 w
(how.) 4843 2700 w
(Does) 720 2820 w
(it) 955 2820 w
(read) 1041 2820 w
(an) 1242 2820 w
(entire) 1366 2820 w
(image) 1623 2820 w
(into) 1897 2820 w
(memory,) 2083 2820 w
(work) 2471 2820 w
(on) 2706 2820 w
(it) 2836 2820 w
(there,) 2922 2820 w
(then) 3176 2820 w
(write) 3378 2820 w
(it) 3613 2820 w
(out) 3699 2820 w
(all) 3857 2820 w
(at) 3987 2820 w
(once?) 4089 2820 w
(Does) 4376 2820 w
(it) 4611 2820 w
(read) 4696 2820 w
(one) 4896 2820 w
(and write one pixel at a time?) 720 2940 w
(In Netpbm, it differs from one program to) 1951 2940 w
(the) 3652 2940 w
(next,) 3800 2940 w
(but) 4023 2940 w
(there) 4177 2940 w
(are) 4402 2940 w
(some) 4549 2940 w
(gener\255) 4786 2940 w
(alizations we can make.) 720 3060 w
(Most) 720 3216 w
(Netpbm) 954 3216 w
(programs) 1304 3216 w
(keep) 1709 3216 w
(one) 1925 3216 w
(row) 2097 3216 w
(of) 2280 3216 w
(pixels) 2391 3216 w
(at) 2658 3216 w
(a) 2759 3216 w
(time) 2832 3216 w
(in) 3039 3216 w
(memory.) 3146 3216 w
(Such) 3558 3216 w
(a) 3787 3216 w
(program) 3860 3216 w
(reads) 4227 3216 w
(a) 4466 3216 w
(row) 4539 3216 w
(from) 4723 3216 w
(an) 4946 3216 w
(input) 720 3336 w
(file,) 961 3336 w
(processes) 1154 3336 w
(it,) 1571 3336 w
(then) 1686 3336 w
(writes) 1892 3336 w
(a) 2170 3336 w
(row) 2248 3336 w
(to) 2437 3336 w
(an) 2549 3336 w
(output) 2677 3336 w
(file.) 2967 3336 w
(Some) 3184 3336 w
(programs) 3446 3336 w
(execute) 3857 3336 w
(algorithms) 4195 3336 w
(that) 4657 3336 w
(can't) 4841 3336 w
(work) 720 3456 w
(like) 961 3456 w
(that,) 1147 3456 w
(so) 1358 3456 w
(they) 1484 3456 w
(keep) 1693 3456 w
(a) 1918 3456 w
(small) 1999 3456 w
(window) 2253 3456 w
(of) 2612 3456 w
(rows) 2732 3456 w
(in) 2963 3456 w
(memory.) 3078 3456 w
(Others) 3498 3456 w
(must) 3801 3456 w
(keep) 4033 3456 w
(the) 4258 3456 w
(entire) 4417 3456 w
(image) 4681 3456 w
(in) 4962 3456 w
(memory.) 720 3576 w
(If you think of what job the program does, you can probably guess which one it does.) 1128 3576 w
(When) 720 3732 w
(Netpbm) 994 3732 w
(keeps) 1353 3732 w
(a) 1617 3732 w
(pixel) 1698 3732 w
(in) 1935 3732 w
(memory,) 2050 3732 w
(it) 2445 3732 w
(normally) 2538 3732 w
(uses) 2936 3732 w
(a) 3145 3732 w
(lot) 3226 3732 w
(more) 3369 3732 w
(space) 3611 3732 w
(for) 3869 3732 w
(it) 4022 3732 w
(than) 4115 3732 w
(it) 4324 3732 w
(occupies) 4417 3732 w
(in) 4803 3732 w
(the) 4918 3732 w
(Netpbm image file format.) 720 3852 w
(The older programs \(most of Netpbm\) use 12 bytes per pixel.) 720 4008 w
(This is true) 3219 4008 w
(even) 3695 4008 w
(for) 3909 4008 w
(a) 4051 4008 w
(PBM) 4121 4008 w
(image,) 4359 4008 w
(for) 4654 4008 w
(which) 4796 4008 w
(it) 720 4128 w
(only) 804 4128 w
(really) 1010 4128 w
(takes) 1264 4128 w
(one) 1496 4128 w
(bit) 1667 4128 w
(to) 1800 4128 w
(totally) 1905 4128 w
(describe) 2188 4128 w
(the) 2547 4128 w
(pixel.) 2696 4128 w
(Netpbm) 2973 4128 w
(does) 3322 4128 w
(this) 3532 4128 w
(expansion) 3704 4128 w
(to) 4136 4128 w
(make) 4241 4128 w
(implementing) 4484 4128 w
(the programs easier \255\255 it uses the same format regardless of the type of image.) 720 4248 w
(Newer) 720 4404 w
(programs) 1011 4404 w
(use) 1414 4404 w
(the) 1573 4404 w
("pam") 1721 4404 w
(family) 2001 4404 w
(of) 2288 4404 w
(library) 2397 4404 w
(functions) 2689 4404 w
(internally,) 3087 4404 w
(which) 3521 4404 w
(use) 3792 4404 w
(memory) 3952 4404 w
(a) 4312 4404 w
(little) 4383 4404 w
(differently.) 4594 4404 w
(These) 720 4524 w
(functions) 991 4524 w
(are) 1396 4524 w
(designed) 1550 4524 w
(to) 1938 4524 w
(handle) 2049 4524 w
(generic) 2348 4524 w
(tuples) 2674 4524 w
(with) 2946 4524 w
(a) 3157 4524 w
(variable) 3234 4524 w
(numbers) 3588 4524 w
(of) 3965 4524 w
(planes,) 4081 4524 w
(so) 4394 4524 w
(no) 4516 4524 w
(fixed) 4648 4524 w
(size) 4885 4524 w
(per\255tuple) 720 4644 w
(storage) 1108 4644 w
(is) 1424 4644 w
(possible.) 1519 4644 w
(A) 1926 4644 w
(program) 2027 4644 w
(of) 2394 4644 w
(this) 2506 4644 w
(type) 2680 4644 w
(uses) 2881 4644 w
(4) 3082 4644 w
(bytes) 3161 4644 w
(per) 3401 4644 w
(sample) 3557 4644 w
(\(a) 3869 4644 w
(tuple) 3975 4644 w
(is) 4204 4644 w
(composed) 4300 4644 w
(of) 4734 4644 w
(sam\255) 4846 4644 w
(ples\),) 720 4764 w
(plus) 975 4764 w
(another) 1178 4764 w
(4) 1513 4764 w
(bytes) 1599 4764 w
(per) 1846 4764 w
(tuple.) 2009 4764 w
(In) 2295 4764 w
(a) 2414 4764 w
(graphic) 2494 4764 w
(image,) 2829 4764 w
(a) 3133 4764 w
(tuple) 3212 4764 w
(is) 3447 4764 w
(a) 3549 4764 w
(pixel.) 3628 4764 w
(So) 3913 4764 w
(an) 4054 4764 w
(ordinary) 4183 4764 w
(color) 4556 4764 w
(image) 4796 4764 w
(takes 16 bytes per pixel.) 720 4884 w
(When) 720 5040 w
(considering) 985 5040 w
(memory) 1478 5040 w
(usage,) 1839 5040 w
(it) 2119 5040 w
(is) 2203 5040 w
(important) 2298 5040 w
(to) 2715 5040 w
(remember) 2821 5040 w
(that) 3253 5040 w
(memory) 3431 5040 w
(and) 3792 5040 w
(disk) 3964 5040 w
(storage) 4159 5040 w
(are) 4475 5040 w
(equivalent) 4624 5040 w
(in two ways:) 720 5160 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5316 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Memory) 970 5316 w
(is) 1350 5316 w
(often) 1453 5316 w
(virtual,) 1694 5316 w
(backed) 2016 5316 w
(by) 2334 5316 w
(swap) 2470 5316 w
(space) 2711 5316 w
(on) 2968 5316 w
(disk) 3104 5316 w
(storage.) 3308 5316 w
(So) 3683 5316 w
(accessing) 3826 5316 w
(memory) 4245 5316 w
(may) 4615 5316 w
(mean) 4824 5316 w
(doing disk I/O.) 970 5436 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5592 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Files are usually cached and buffered, so that accessing a disk file may just mean accessing memory.) 970 5592 w
(This) 720 5784 w
(means) 925 5784 w
(that) 1207 5784 w
(the) 1384 5784 w
(consequences) 1533 5784 w
(of) 2108 5784 w
(whether) 2218 5784 w
(a) 2566 5784 w
(program) 2637 5784 w
(works) 3003 5784 w
(from) 3275 5784 w
(the) 3497 5784 w
(image) 3647 5784 w
(file) 3919 5784 w
(or) 4080 5784 w
(from) 4191 5784 w
(a) 4413 5784 w
(memory) 4485 5784 w
(copy) 4846 5784 w
(are not straightforward.) 720 5904 w
(Note that an image takes a lot less space in a Netpbm) 720 6060 w
(format) 2873 6060 w
(file,) 3165 6060 w
(and) 3349 6060 w
(therefore) 3519 6060 w
(in) 3904 6060 w
(an) 4008 6060 w
(operating) 4128 6060 w
(system's) 4531 6060 w
(file) 4907 6060 w
(cache,) 720 6180 w
(than) 1005 6180 w
(in) 1211 6180 w
(Netpbm's) 1323 6180 w
(in\255memory) 1751 6180 w
(format.) 2229 6180 w
(In) 2579 6180 w
(non\255Netpbm) 2696 6180 w
(image) 3235 6180 w
(formats,) 3513 6180 w
(the) 3877 6180 w
(data) 4033 6180 w
(is) 4233 6180 w
(even) 4334 6180 w
(smaller.) 4556 6180 w
(So) 4934 6180 w
(reading) 720 6300 w
(through) 1052 6300 w
(an) 1396 6300 w
(input) 1523 6300 w
(file) 1762 6300 w
(multiple) 1928 6300 w
(times) 2295 6300 w
(instead) 2545 6300 w
(of) 2861 6300 w
(keeping) 2977 6300 w
(a) 3326 6300 w
(copy) 3403 6300 w
(in) 3630 6300 w
(regular) 3741 6300 w
(memory) 4056 6300 w
(can) 4423 6300 w
(be) 4595 6300 w
(the) 4723 6300 w
(best) 4879 6300 w
(use) 720 6420 w
(of) 884 6420 w
(memory,) 998 6420 w
(and) 1387 6420 w
(many) 1562 6420 w
(Netpbm) 1815 6420 w
(programs) 2167 6420 w
(do) 2574 6420 w
(that.) 2704 6420 w
(But) 2934 6420 w
(some) 3109 6420 w
(files) 3350 6420 w
(can't) 3552 6420 w
(be) 3781 6420 w
(read) 3905 6420 w
(multiple) 4106 6420 w
(times.) 4470 6420 w
(In) 4767 6420 w
(par\255) 4880 6420 w
(ticular,) 720 6540 w
(you) 1031 6540 w
(can't) 1212 6540 w
(rewind) 1442 6540 w
(and) 1750 6540 w
(re\255read) 1925 6540 w
(a) 2237 6540 w
(pipe,) 2312 6540 w
(and) 2540 6540 w
(a) 2715 6540 w
(pipe) 2790 6540 w
(is) 2993 6540 w
(often) 3091 6540 w
(the) 3328 6540 w
(input) 3482 6540 w
(for) 3720 6540 w
(a) 3868 6540 w
(Netpbm) 3944 6540 w
(program.) 4298 6540 w
(Netpbm) 4718 6540 w
(programs) 720 6660 w
(that) 1124 6660 w
(re\255read) 1301 6660 w
(files) 1609 6660 w
(detect) 1808 6660 w
(such) 2073 6660 w
(input) 2283 6660 w
(files) 2516 6660 w
(and) 2715 6660 w
(read) 2886 6660 w
(them) 3084 6660 w
(into) 3311 6660 w
(a) 3494 6660 w
(temporary) 3565 6660 w
(file,) 4002 6660 w
(then) 4186 6660 w
(read) 4384 6660 w
(that) 4581 6660 w
(tempo\255) 4757 6660 w
(rary file multiple times.) 720 6780 w
(A) 720 6936 w
(few) 824 6936 w
(Netpbm) 1005 6936 w
(programs) 1359 6936 w
(use) 1768 6936 w
(an) 1933 6936 w
(in\255memory) 2059 6936 w
(format) 2536 6936 w
(that) 2835 6936 w
(is) 3018 6936 w
(just) 3118 6936 w
(one) 3296 6936 w
(bit) 3473 6936 w
(per) 3612 6936 w
(pixel.) 3772 6936 w
(These) 4055 6936 w
(are) 4326 6936 w
(programs) 4480 6936 w
(that) 4890 6936 w
(convert) 720 7056 w
(between) 1051 7056 w
(PBM) 1415 7056 w
(and) 1659 7056 w
(a) 1835 7056 w
(format) 1911 7056 w
(that) 2209 7056 w
(has) 2391 7056 w
(a) 2555 7056 w
(raster) 2630 7056 w
(format) 2882 7056 w
(very) 3179 7056 w
(much) 3387 7056 w
(like) 3640 7056 w
(PBM's.) 3821 7056 w
(In) 4186 7056 w
(this) 4300 7056 w
(case,) 4476 7056 w
(it) 4703 7056 w
(would) 4790 7056 w
(actually) 720 7176 w
(make) 1062 7176 w
(the) 1304 7176 w
(program) 1452 7176 w
(more) 1816 7176 w
(complicated) 2047 7176 w
(\(in) 2562 7176 w
(addition) 2700 7176 w
(to) 3055 7176 w
(much) 3160 7176 w
(slower\)) 3409 7176 w
(to) 3735 7176 w
(use) 3840 7176 w
(Netpbm's) 4000 7176 w
(generic) 4421 7176 w
(12) 4741 7176 w
(byte) 4868 7176 w
(or 8 byte pixel representation.) 720 7296 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
%%EndPage: 5 5
%%Page: 6 6
/saveobj save def
mark
6 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 6 \255) 2797 480 w
(By) 720 840 w
(the) 863 840 w
(way,) 1011 840 w
(the) 1228 840 w
(old) 1376 840 w
(axiom) 1530 840 w
(that) 1806 840 w
(memory) 1983 840 w
(is) 2343 840 w
(way) 2437 840 w
(faster) 2630 840 w
(than) 2878 840 w
(disk) 3077 840 w
(is) 3271 840 w
(not) 3365 840 w
(necessarily) 3520 840 w
(true.) 3990 840 w
(On) 4222 840 w
(small) 4371 840 w
(systems,) 4615 840 w
(it) 4984 840 w
(typically) 720 960 w
(is) 1100 960 w
(true,) 1197 960 w
(but) 1407 960 w
(on) 1565 960 w
(a) 1695 960 w
(system) 1769 960 w
(with) 2077 960 w
(a) 2284 960 w
(large) 2357 960 w
(network) 2585 960 w
(of) 2941 960 w
(disks,) 3053 960 w
(especially) 3313 960 w
(with) 3741 960 w
(striping,) 3948 960 w
(it) 4308 960 w
(is) 4393 960 w
(quite) 4489 960 w
(easy) 4718 960 w
(for) 4924 960 w
(the disk storage to be capable of supplying data faster than the CPU can use it.) 720 1080 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(CPU Usage) 720 1320 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(People sometimes wonder what CPU facilities) 720 1512 w
(Netpbm) 2603 1512 w
(programs) 2951 1512 w
(and) 3354 1512 w
(the) 3524 1512 w
(Netpbm) 3672 1512 w
(programming) 4020 1512 w
(library) 4590 1512 w
(use.) 4882 1512 w
(The) 720 1632 w
(programs) 910 1632 w
(never) 1322 1632 w
(depend) 1578 1632 w
(on) 1901 1632 w
(particular) 2036 1632 w
(features) 2453 1632 w
(existing) 2803 1632 w
(\(assuming) 3155 1632 w
(they're) 3601 1632 w
(compiled) 3918 1632 w
(properly\),) 4325 1632 w
(but) 4756 1632 w
(the) 4918 1632 w
(speed and cost of running a program varies depending upon the CPU features.) 720 1752 w
(One) 720 1908 w
(area) 923 1908 w
(of) 1125 1908 w
(particular) 1245 1908 w
(importance) 1664 1908 w
(is) 2150 1908 w
(floating) 2254 1908 w
(point) 2602 1908 w
(arithmetic.) 2845 1908 w
(The) 3338 1908 w
(Netpbm) 3531 1908 w
(image) 3891 1908 w
(formats) 4173 1908 w
(are) 4516 1908 w
(based) 4675 1908 w
(on) 4940 1908 w
(integers,) 720 2028 w
(and) 1089 2028 w
(Netpbm) 1261 2028 w
(arithmetic) 1611 2028 w
(is) 2044 2028 w
(done) 2139 2028 w
(with) 2361 2028 w
(integers) 2567 2028 w
(where) 2911 2028 w
(possible.) 3181 2028 w
(But) 3586 2028 w
(there) 3758 2028 w
(is) 3984 2028 w
(one) 4078 2028 w
(significant) 4249 2028 w
(area) 4698 2028 w
(that) 4890 2028 w
(is) 720 2148 w
(floating) 822 2148 w
(point:) 1168 2148 w
(programs) 1437 2148 w
(that) 1849 2148 w
(must) 2034 2148 w
(deal) 2264 2148 w
(with) 2465 2148 w
(light) 2678 2148 w
(intensity.) 2897 2148 w
(The) 3327 2148 w
(Netpbm) 3517 2148 w
(formats) 3874 2148 w
(use) 4214 2148 w
(integers) 4382 2148 w
(that) 4733 2148 w
(are) 4919 2148 w
(proportional) 720 2268 w
(to) 1244 2268 w
(brightness,) 1352 2268 w
(and) 1818 2268 w
(brightness) 1992 2268 w
(is) 2433 2268 w
(exponentially) 2530 2268 w
(related) 3104 2268 w
(to) 3405 2268 w
(light) 3513 2268 w
(intensity.) 3727 2268 w
(The) 4152 2268 w
(programs) 4337 2268 w
(have) 4744 2268 w
(to) 4962 2268 w
(keep) 720 2388 w
(the) 940 2388 w
(intermediate) 1094 2388 w
(intensity) 1625 2388 w
(values) 2002 2388 w
(in) 2289 2388 w
(floating) 2399 2388 w
(point) 2742 2388 w
(in) 2980 2388 w
(order) 3090 2388 w
(not) 3332 2388 w
(to) 3492 2388 w
(lose) 3602 2388 w
(precision.) 3795 2388 w
(And) 4243 2388 w
(the) 4447 2388 w
(conversion) 4602 2388 w
(\(gamma) 720 2508 w
(function\)) 1094 2508 w
(between) 1507 2508 w
(the) 1886 2508 w
(two) 2055 2508 w
(is) 2252 2508 w
(heavy\255duty) 2366 2508 w
(floating) 2862 2508 w
(point) 3220 2508 w
(arithmetic.) 3473 2508 w
(Programs) 3974 2508 w
(that) 4403 2508 w
(mix) 4599 2508 w
(pixels) 4801 2508 w
(together) 720 2628 w
(have) 1092 2628 w
(to) 1325 2628 w
(combine) 1448 2628 w
(light) 1837 2628 w
(intensity,) 2066 2628 w
(so) 2481 2628 w
(they) 2615 2628 w
(do) 2832 2628 w
(heavy) 2977 2628 w
(floating) 3260 2628 w
(point.) 3617 2628 w
(Three) 3919 2628 w
(of) 4197 2628 w
(the) 4326 2628 w
(most) 4494 2628 w
(popular) 4735 2628 w
(Netpbm) 720 2748 w
(programs) 1074 2748 w
(do) 1483 2748 w
(that:) 1615 2748 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamscale) 1825 2748 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\(shrink/expand) 2251 2748 w
(an) 2882 2748 w
(image\),) 3008 2748 w
(pamcomp) 3342 2748 w
(\(overlay) 3768 2748 w
(an) 4132 2748 w
(image) 4258 2748 w
(over) 4533 2748 w
(another) 4741 2748 w
(one\), and pamditherbw \(Make a black and white image that approximates a grayscale image\).) 720 2868 w
(The) 720 3024 w
(Netpbm) 901 3024 w
(image) 1249 3024 w
(formats) 1519 3024 w
(use) 1850 3024 w
(16) 2009 3024 w
(bit) 2135 3024 w
(integers.) 2267 3024 w
(The) 2659 3024 w
(Netpbm) 2840 3024 w
(code) 3188 3024 w
(uses) 3403 3024 w
("unsigned) 3602 3024 w
(int") 4031 3024 w
(size) 4205 3024 w
(integers) 4387 3024 w
(to) 4730 3024 w
(work) 4835 3024 w
(with them.) 720 3144 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Companion Software) 720 3384 w
(PHP\255NetPBM) 720 3660 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(If) 720 3852 w
(you're) 821 3852 w
(using) 1116 3852 w
(Netpbm) 1369 3852 w
(to) 1727 3852 w
(do) 1841 3852 w
(graphics) 1977 3852 w
(for) 2351 3852 w
(a) 2503 3852 w
(website,) 2583 3852 w
(you) 2949 3852 w
(can) 3135 3852 w
(invoke) 3309 3852 w
(the) 3617 3852 w
(Netpbm) 3775 3852 w
(programs) 4133 3852 w
(from) 4546 3852 w
(a) 4776 3852 w
(PHP) 4856 3852 w
(script.) 720 3972 w
(To) 1031 3972 w
(make) 1181 3972 w
(this) 1436 3972 w
(even) 1620 3972 w
(easier,) 1847 3972 w
(check) 2142 3972 w
(out) 2412 3972 w
(PHP\255NetPBM,) 2578 3972 w
(a) 3214 3972 w
(PHP) 3296 3972 w
(class) 3518 3972 w
(that) 3750 3972 w
(interacts) 3938 3972 w
(with) 4314 3972 w
(Netpbm.) 4530 3972 w
(Its) 4940 3972 w
(main) 720 4092 w
(goal) 963 4092 w
(is) 1179 4092 w
(to) 1290 4092 w
(decrease) 1412 4092 w
(the) 1798 4092 w
(pain) 1964 4092 w
(of) 2180 4092 w
(using) 2307 4092 w
(Netpbm) 2568 4092 w
(when) 2934 4092 w
(working) 3194 4092 w
(with) 3571 4092 w
(images) 3793 4092 w
(in) 4120 4092 w
(various) 4242 4092 w
(formats.) 4580 4092 w
(It) 4979 4092 w
(includes macro commands to perform manipulations on many files.) 720 4212 w
(I) 720 4368 w
(can't) 780 4368 w
(actually) 1006 4368 w
(recommend) 1349 4368 w
(PHP\255NetPBM.) 1847 4368 w
(I) 2497 4368 w
(spent) 2557 4368 w
(some) 2795 4368 w
(time) 3033 4368 w
(staring) 3238 4368 w
(at) 3537 4368 w
(it) 3636 4368 w
(and) 3719 4368 w
(was) 3890 4368 w
(unable) 4072 4368 w
(to) 4365 4368 w
(make) 4470 4368 w
(sense) 4713 4368 w
(of) 4957 4368 w
(it.) 720 4488 w
(Some) 856 4488 w
(documentation) 1114 4488 w
(is) 1738 4488 w
(in) 1835 4488 w
(fractured) 1943 4488 w
(English) 2332 4488 w
(and) 2668 4488 w
(other) 2842 4488 w
(is) 3077 4488 w
(in) 3174 4488 w
(an) 3282 4488 w
(unusual) 3406 4488 w
(character) 3747 4488 w
(set.) 4141 4488 w
(But) 4331 4488 w
(a) 4505 4488 w
(PHP) 4578 4488 w
(expert) 4791 4488 w
(might be able to figure it out and get some use out of it.) 720 4608 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Other Graphics Software) 720 4848 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Netpbm contains primitive building blocks.) 720 5040 w
(It certainly is not a complete graphics software library.) 2512 5040 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Graphics Viewers) 720 5280 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The) 720 5472 w
(first) 905 5472 w
(thing) 1096 5472 w
(you) 1332 5472 w
(will) 1512 5472 w
(want) 1698 5472 w
(to) 1922 5472 w
(make) 2031 5472 w
(use) 2278 5472 w
(of) 2442 5472 w
(any) 2556 5472 w
(of) 2731 5472 w
(these) 2845 5472 w
(tools) 3081 5472 w
(is) 3307 5472 w
(a) 3405 5472 w
(viewer.) 3480 5472 w
(\(On) 3832 5472 w
(GNU/Linux,) 4018 5472 w
(you) 4557 5472 w
(can) 4738 5472 w
(use) 4907 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmsvgalib) 720 5592 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(in) 1246 5592 w
(a) 1354 5592 w
(pinch,) 1428 5592 w
(but) 1705 5592 w
(it) 1863 5592 w
(is) 1948 5592 w
(pretty) 2044 5592 w
(limiting\).) 2306 5592 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(zgv) 2736 5592 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 2909 5592 w
(a) 3005 5592 w
(good) 3078 5592 w
(full) 3307 5592 w
(service) 3475 5592 w
(viewer) 3786 5592 w
(to) 4086 5592 w
(use) 4193 5592 w
(on) 4355 5592 w
(a) 4484 5592 w
(GNU/Linux) 4557 5592 w
(system) 720 5712 w
(with) 1118 5712 w
(the) 1416 5712 w
(SVGALIB) 1658 5712 w
(graphics) 2211 5712 w
(display) 2669 5712 w
(driver) 3078 5712 w
(library.) 3436 5712 w
(You) 3872 5712 w
(can) 4164 5712 w
(find) 4422 5712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(zgv) 4703 5712 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(at) 4968 5712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/svga.) 720 5832 w
(zgv) 720 5988 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(even) 892 5988 w
(has) 1108 5988 w
(a) 1269 5988 w
(feature) 1341 5988 w
(in) 1645 5988 w
(it) 1751 5988 w
(wherein) 1835 5988 w
(you) 2185 5988 w
(can) 2364 5988 w
(visually) 2531 5988 w
(crop) 2877 5988 w
(an) 3083 5988 w
(image) 3206 5988 w
(and) 3479 5988 w
(write) 3652 5988 w
(an) 3886 5988 w
(output) 4009 5988 w
(file) 4294 5988 w
(of) 4456 5988 w
(the) 4568 5988 w
(cropped) 4719 5988 w
(image using) 720 6108 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamcut) 1231 6108 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1553 6108 w
(See the) 1628 6108 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255s) 1944 6108 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(option to) 2041 6108 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(zgv) 2425 6108 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2569 6108 w
(For the X inclined, there is also) 720 6264 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xzgv) 2002 6264 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2196 6264 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xloadimage) 720 6420 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and its extension) 1234 6420 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xli) 1931 6420 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are also common ways to display a graphic image in X.) 2062 6420 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gqview) 720 6576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is a more modern X\255based image viewer.) 1045 6576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(qiv) 720 6732 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is a small, very fast viewer for X.) 879 6732 w
(To play mpeg movies, such as produced by) 720 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmtompeg) 2476 6888 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, try) 2987 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(mplayer) 3173 6888 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(or) 3553 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xine.) 3661 6888 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(See) 720 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/graphics/viewers/X) 889 7044 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3360 7044 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
%%EndPage: 6 6
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/saveobj save def
mark
7 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 7 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Visual Graphics Software) 720 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Visual) 720 1032 w
(graphics) 1008 1032 w
(software) 1373 1032 w
(is) 1743 1032 w
(modern) 1837 1032 w
(point\255and\255click) 2169 1032 w
(software) 2807 1032 w
(that) 3178 1032 w
(displays) 3356 1032 w
(an) 3712 1032 w
(image) 3834 1032 w
(and) 4106 1032 w
(lets) 4278 1032 w
(you) 4445 1032 w
(work) 4623 1032 w
(on) 4856 1032 w
(it) 4984 1032 w
(and see the results as you go.) 720 1152 w
(This is fundamentally different from what Netpbm programs do.) 1932 1152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ImageMagick) 720 1308 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 1336 1308 w
(like) 1431 1308 w
(a) 1609 1308 w
(visual) 1681 1308 w
(version) 1948 1308 w
(of) 2270 1308 w
(Netpbm.) 2381 1308 w
(Using) 2781 1308 w
(the) 3048 1308 w
(X/Window) 3198 1308 w
(system) 3670 1308 w
(on) 3977 1308 w
(Unix,) 4106 1308 w
(you) 4360 1308 w
(can) 4539 1308 w
(do) 4706 1308 w
(basic) 4835 1308 w
(editing) 720 1428 w
(of) 1026 1428 w
(images) 1137 1428 w
(and) 1448 1428 w
(lots) 1620 1428 w
(of) 1793 1428 w
(format) 1904 1428 w
(conversions.) 2198 1428 w
(The) 2753 1428 w
(package) 2936 1428 w
(does) 3290 1428 w
(include) 3501 1428 w
(at) 3823 1428 w
(least) 3923 1428 w
(some) 4133 1428 w
(non\255visual) 4371 1428 w
(tools.) 4820 1428 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(convert) 720 1548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1041 1548 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(mogrify) 1127 1548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1465 1548 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(montage) 1551 1548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1917 1548 w
(and) 2003 1548 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(animate) 2208 1548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are) 2613 1548 w
(popular) 2795 1548 w
(programs) 3161 1548 w
(from) 3599 1548 w
(the) 3855 1548 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ImageMagick) 4039 1548 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(package.) 4689 1548 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ImageMagick) 720 1668 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(runs on Unix, Windows, Windows NT, Macintosh, and VMS.) 1333 1668 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xv) 720 1824 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 847 1824 w
(a) 941 1824 w
(very) 1012 1824 w
(old) 1216 1824 w
(and) 1371 1824 w
(very) 1542 1824 w
(popular) 1746 1824 w
(simple) 2078 1824 w
(image) 2372 1824 w
(editor) 2643 1824 w
(in) 2903 1824 w
(the) 3008 1824 w
(Unix) 3157 1824 w
(world.) 3385 1824 w
(It) 3696 1824 w
(does) 3785 1824 w
(not) 3996 1824 w
(have) 4152 1824 w
(much) 4368 1824 w
(in) 4618 1824 w
(the) 4724 1824 w
(way) 4874 1824 w
(of current support, or maintenance, though.) 720 1944 w
(The) 720 2100 w
(Gimp) 904 2100 w
(is) 1161 2100 w
(a) 1257 2100 w
(visual) 1331 2100 w
(image) 1600 2100 w
(editor) 1874 2100 w
(for) 2137 2100 w
(Unix) 2283 2100 w
(and) 2513 2100 w
(X,) 2687 2100 w
(in) 2814 2100 w
(the) 2922 2100 w
(same) 3074 2100 w
(category) 3309 2100 w
(as) 3682 2100 w
(the) 3795 2100 w
(more) 3947 2100 w
(famous,) 4182 2100 w
(less) 4531 2100 w
(capable,) 4711 2100 w
(and much more expensive Adobe Photoshop, etc. for Windows.) 720 2220 w
(See) 3319 2220 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://www.gimp.org) 3488 2220 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4382 2220 w
(Electric) 720 2376 w
(Eyes,) 1061 2376 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(kuickshow) 1311 2376 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1768 2376 w
(and) 1824 2376 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gthumb) 1999 2376 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are) 2364 2376 w
(also) 2516 2376 w
(visual) 2708 2376 w
(editors) 2978 2376 w
(for) 3281 2376 w
(the) 3429 2376 w
(X/Window) 3583 2376 w
(system,) 4059 2376 w
(and) 4394 2376 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(KView) 4570 2376 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 4896 2376 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gwenview) 720 2496 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are specifically for KDE.) 1161 2496 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Programming Tools) 720 2736 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(If) 720 2928 w
(you're) 826 2928 w
(writing) 1126 2928 w
(a) 1455 2928 w
(program) 1539 2928 w
(in) 1917 2928 w
(C) 2035 2928 w
(to) 2142 2928 w
(draw) 2260 2928 w
(and) 2499 2928 w
(manipulate) 2684 2928 w
(images,) 3169 2928 w
(check) 3518 2928 w
(out) 3791 2928 w
(gd.) 3960 2928 w
(Netpbm) 4151 2928 w
(contains) 4514 2928 w
(a) 4888 2928 w
(C) 4973 2928 w
(library) 720 3048 w
(for) 1016 3048 w
(drawing) 1161 3048 w
(images,) 1517 3048 w
(but) 1854 3048 w
(it) 2011 3048 w
(is) 2096 3048 w
(probably) 2192 3048 w
(not) 2576 3048 w
(as) 2733 3048 w
(capable) 2845 3048 w
(or) 3178 3048 w
(documented) 3290 3048 w
(as) 3807 3048 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gd) 3919 3048 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4025 3048 w
(You) 4104 3048 w
(can) 4305 3048 w
(easily) 4472 3048 w
(run) 4734 3048 w
(any) 4896 3048 w
(Netpbm) 720 3168 w
(program) 1073 3168 w
(from) 1442 3168 w
(a) 1667 3168 w
(C) 1742 3168 w
(program) 1840 3168 w
(with) 2209 3168 w
(the) 2418 3168 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2571 3168 w
10 /S f
(_) 2710 3168 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(system) 2760 3168 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(function) 3079 3168 w
(from) 3443 3168 w
(the) 3668 3168 w
(Netpbm) 3821 3168 w
(programming) 4174 3168 w
(library,) 4749 3168 w
(but that is less efficient than) 720 3288 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gd) 1869 3288 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(functions that do the same thing.) 2000 3288 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Ilib) 720 3444 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 901 3444 w
(a) 998 3444 w
(C) 1072 3444 w
(subroutine) 1169 3444 w
(library) 1621 3444 w
(with) 1917 3444 w
(functions) 2125 3444 w
(for) 2527 3444 w
(adding) 2673 3444 w
(text) 2975 3444 w
(to) 3155 3444 w
(an) 3263 3444 w
(image) 3387 3444 w
(\(as) 3661 3444 w
(you) 3807 3444 w
(might) 3987 3444 w
(do) 4251 3444 w
(at) 4382 3444 w
(a) 4485 3444 w
(higher) 4560 3444 w
(level) 4846 3444 w
(with) 720 3564 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pbmtext) 930 3564 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1285 3564 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pamcomp) 1342 3564 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1764 3564 w
(etc.\).) 1821 3564 w
(It) 2077 3564 w
(works) 2170 3564 w
(with) 2446 3564 w
(Netpbm) 2656 3564 w
(input) 3009 3564 w
(and) 3246 3564 w
(output.) 3421 3564 w
(Find) 3758 3564 w
(it) 3973 3564 w
(at) 4060 3564 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(k5n.us) 4163 3564 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4445 3564 w
(Netpbm) 4526 3564 w
(also) 4879 3564 w
(includes) 720 3684 w
(character) 1081 3684 w
(drawing) 1474 3684 w
(functions) 1830 3684 w
(in) 2231 3684 w
(the) 2338 3684 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 2489 3684 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(library,) 2958 3684 w
(but) 3278 3684 w
(they) 3435 3684 w
(do) 3636 3684 w
(not) 3765 3684 w
(have) 3922 3684 w
(as) 4139 3684 w
(fancy) 4251 3684 w
(font) 4501 3684 w
(capabili\255) 4691 3684 w
(ties \(see) 720 3804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmlabel) 1069 3804 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(for an example of use of the Netpbm character drawing functions\).) 1495 3804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(GD) 720 3960 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 896 3960 w
(a) 989 3960 w
(library) 1059 3960 w
(of) 1351 3960 w
(graphics) 1460 3960 w
(routines) 1824 3960 w
(that) 2172 3960 w
(is) 2348 3960 w
(part) 2442 3960 w
(of) 2624 3960 w
(PHP.) 2734 3960 w
(It) 2995 3960 w
(has) 3083 3960 w
(a) 3243 3960 w
(subset) 3314 3960 w
(of) 3591 3960 w
(Netpbm's) 3701 3960 w
(functions) 4122 3960 w
(and) 4521 3960 w
(has) 4692 3960 w
(been) 4852 3960 w
(found to resize images more slowly and with less quality.) 720 4080 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Tools For Specific Graphics Formats) 720 4320 w
(mencode) 720 4512 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1097 4512 w
(which) 1151 4512 w
(is) 1424 4512 w
(part) 1520 4512 w
(of) 1704 4512 w
(the) 1816 4512 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(mplayer) 1967 4512 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(package,) 2351 4512 w
(creates) 2732 4512 w
(movie) 3038 4512 w
(files.) 3318 4512 w
(It's) 3570 4512 w
(like) 3733 4512 w
(a) 3913 4512 w
(much) 3987 4512 w
(more) 4239 4512 w
(advanced) 4474 4512 w
(ver\255) 4880 4512 w
(sion of) 720 4632 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmtompeg) 1020 4632 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, without the Netpbm building block simplicity.) 1531 4632 w
(To) 720 4788 w
(create) 863 4788 w
(an) 1132 4788 w
(animated) 1259 4788 w
(GIF,) 1658 4788 w
(or) 1877 4788 w
(extract) 1993 4788 w
(a) 2297 4788 w
(frame) 2374 4788 w
(from) 2639 4788 w
(one,) 2866 4788 w
(use) 3068 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gifsicle) 3234 4788 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3528 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gifsicle) 3611 4788 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(converts) 3938 4788 w
(between) 4309 4788 w
(animated) 4674 4788 w
(GIF) 720 4908 w
(and) 912 4908 w
(still) 1087 4908 w
(GIF,) 1269 4908 w
(and) 1486 4908 w
(you) 1661 4908 w
(can) 1842 4908 w
(use) 2011 4908 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmtogif) 2175 4908 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 2595 4908 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(giftopnm) 2770 4908 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 3190 4908 w
(connect) 3299 4908 w
(up) 3640 4908 w
(to) 3771 4908 w
(all) 3880 4908 w
(the) 4011 4908 w
(Netpbm) 4163 4908 w
(utilities.) 4515 4908 w
(See) 4896 4908 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://www.lcdf.org/gifsicle) 720 5028 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1880 5028 w
(To) 720 5184 w
(convert) 857 5184 w
(an) 1182 5184 w
(image) 1302 5184 w
(of) 1572 5184 w
(text) 1681 5184 w
(to) 1857 5184 w
(text) 1961 5184 w
(\(optical) 2137 5184 w
(character) 2468 5184 w
(recongition) 2858 5184 w
(\255) 3339 5184 w
(OCR\),) 3398 5184 w
(use) 3688 5184 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gocr) 3847 5184 w
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(\(think) 4062 5184 w
(of) 4328 5184 w
(it) 4438 5184 w
(as) 4521 5184 w
(an) 4631 5184 w
(inverse) 4752 5184 w
(of) 720 5304 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pbmtext) 828 5304 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\).) 1183 5304 w
(See) 1291 5304 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://altmark.nat.uni\255magdeburg.de/\224jschulen/ocr/) 1460 5304 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3658 5304 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://schaik.com/pngsuite) 720 5460 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(contains) 1878 5460 w
(a) 2237 5460 w
(PNG) 2308 5460 w
(test) 2535 5460 w
(suite) 2701 5460 w
(\255\255) 2917 5460 w
(a) 3010 5460 w
(whole) 3081 5460 w
(bunch) 3352 5460 w
(of) 3623 5460 w
(PNG) 3733 5460 w
(images) 3960 5460 w
(exploiting) 4270 5460 w
(the) 4703 5460 w
(vari\255) 4852 5460 w
(ous features of the PNG format.) 720 5580 w
(Another version of Netpbm's) 720 5736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnmtopng) 1918 5736 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(/) 2358 5736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pngtopnm) 2386 5736 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is at) 2851 5736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://www.schaik.com/png/pnmtopng.html) 3040 5736 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4906 5736 w
(The) 720 5892 w
(version) 902 5892 w
(in) 1223 5892 w
(Netpbm) 1328 5892 w
(was) 1677 5892 w
(actually) 1859 5892 w
(based) 2202 5892 w
(on) 2456 5892 w
(that) 2583 5892 w
(package) 2760 5892 w
(a) 3113 5892 w
(long) 3184 5892 w
(time) 3389 5892 w
(ago,) 3594 5892 w
(and) 3790 5892 w
(you) 3961 5892 w
(can) 4138 5892 w
(expect) 4303 5892 w
(to) 4590 5892 w
(find) 4696 5892 w
(bet\255) 4885 5892 w
(ter) 720 6012 w
(exploitation) 855 6012 w
(of) 1363 6012 w
(the) 1476 6012 w
(PNG) 1628 6012 w
(format,) 1858 6012 w
(especially) 2179 6012 w
(recent) 2608 6012 w
(enhancements,) 2880 6012 w
(in) 3499 6012 w
(that) 3606 6012 w
(package.) 3785 6012 w
(It) 4190 6012 w
(may) 4280 6012 w
(be) 4481 6012 w
(a) 4604 6012 w
(little) 4677 6012 w
(less) 4890 6012 w
(consistent with the Netpbm project and less exploitive of recent Netpbm format enhancements, though.) 720 6132 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pngwriter) 720 6288 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 1177 6288 w
(a) 1274 6288 w
(C++) 1348 6288 w
(library) 1557 6288 w
(for) 1853 6288 w
(creating) 1999 6288 w
(PNG) 2350 6288 w
(images.) 2581 6288 w
(With) 2945 6288 w
(it,) 3176 6288 w
(you) 3288 6288 w
(plot) 3469 6288 w
(an) 3656 6288 w
(image) 3781 6288 w
(pixel) 4056 6288 w
(by) 4287 6288 w
(pixel.) 4418 6288 w
(You) 4699 6288 w
(can) 4902 6288 w
(also render text with the FreeType2 library.) 720 6408 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(jpegtran) 720 6564 w
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(Does) 1118 6564 w
(some) 1355 6564 w
(of) 1598 6564 w
(the) 1713 6564 w
(same) 1867 6564 w
(transformations) 2105 6564 w
(as) 2765 6564 w
(Netpbm) 2881 6564 w
(is) 3236 6564 w
(famous) 3336 6564 w
(for,) 3663 6564 w
(but) 3837 6564 w
(does) 3998 6564 w
(them) 4214 6564 w
(specifically) 4447 6564 w
(on) 4940 6564 w
(JPEG) 720 6684 w
(files) 977 6684 w
(and) 1178 6684 w
(does) 1350 6684 w
(them) 1561 6684 w
(without) 1789 6684 w
(loss) 2123 6684 w
(of) 2307 6684 w
(information.) 2418 6684 w
(By) 2968 6684 w
(contrast,) 3113 6684 w
(if) 3482 6684 w
(you) 3571 6684 w
(were) 3749 6684 w
(to) 3970 6684 w
(use) 4076 6684 w
(Netpbm,) 4237 6684 w
(you) 4612 6684 w
(would) 4790 6684 w
(first) 720 6804 w
(decompress) 917 6804 w
(the) 1424 6804 w
(JPEG) 1582 6804 w
(image) 1846 6804 w
(to) 2126 6804 w
(Netpbm) 2240 6804 w
(format,) 2598 6804 w
(then) 2925 6804 w
(transform) 3133 6804 w
(the) 3557 6804 w
(image,) 3715 6804 w
(then) 4021 6804 w
(compress) 4230 6804 w
(it) 4644 6804 w
(back) 4737 6804 w
(to) 4962 6804 w
(JPEG) 720 6924 w
(format.) 977 6924 w
(In) 1322 6924 w
(that) 1433 6924 w
(recompression,) 1611 6924 w
(you) 2246 6924 w
(lose) 2424 6924 w
(a) 2613 6924 w
(little) 2685 6924 w
(image) 2897 6924 w
(information) 3169 6924 w
(because) 3669 6924 w
(JPEG) 4012 6924 w
(is) 4268 6924 w
(a) 4363 6924 w
(lossy) 4435 6924 w
(compres\255) 4669 6924 w
(sion.) 720 7044 w
(Of) 969 7044 w
(course,) 1106 7044 w
(only) 1423 7044 w
(a) 1633 7044 w
(few) 1709 7044 w
(kinds) 1890 7044 w
(of) 2139 7044 w
(lossless) 2254 7044 w
(transformation) 2592 7044 w
(are) 3212 7044 w
(possible.) 3366 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(jpegtran) 3777 7044 w
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(comes) 4176 7044 w
(with) 4464 7044 w
(the) 4675 7044 w
(Inde\255) 4830 7044 w
(pendent Jpeg Group's \(http://www.ijg.org\) JPEG library.) 720 7164 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
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%%Page: 8 8
/saveobj save def
mark
8 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 8 \255) 2797 480 w
(Some) 745 840 w
(tools) 1004 840 w
(to) 1230 840 w
(deal) 1339 840 w
(with) 1536 840 w
(EXIF) 1745 840 w
(files) 1998 840 w
(\(see) 2201 840 w
(also) 2392 840 w
(Netpbm's) 2584 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(jpegtopnm) 3010 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 3503 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnmtojpeg) 3679 840 w
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(\):) 4140 840 w
(To) 4233 840 w
(dump) 4376 840 w
(\(interpret\)) 4636 840 w
(an EXIF header: Exifdump \(\(http://topo.math.u\255psud.fr/\224bousch/exifdump.py\)\) or Jhead.) 720 960 w
(A Python EXIF library and dumper: http://pyexif.sourceforge.net.) 720 1116 w
(Here's) 720 1272 w
(some) 1024 1272 w
(software) 1274 1272 w
(to) 1656 1272 w
(work) 1773 1272 w
(with) 2018 1272 w
(IOCA) 2236 1272 w
(\(Image) 2520 1272 w
(Object) 2842 1272 w
(Content) 3148 1272 w
(Architecture\):) 3505 1272 w
(ImageToolbox) 4104 1272 w
(\($2500,) 4732 1272 w
(demo) 720 1392 w
(available\).) 983 1392 w
(This) 1467 1392 w
(can) 1686 1392 w
(convert) 1865 1392 w
(from) 2205 1392 w
(TIFF) 2440 1392 w
(\255>) 2687 1392 w
(IOCA) 2817 1392 w
(and) 3102 1392 w
(back) 3287 1392 w
(again.) 3516 1392 w
(Ameri\255Imager) 3823 1392 w
(\($40) 4434 1392 w
(Windows) 4657 1392 w
(only\).) 720 1512 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnm2ppa) 720 1668 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(converts) 1168 1668 w
(to) 1547 1668 w
(HP's) 1666 1668 w
("Winprinter") 1907 1668 w
(format) 2468 1668 w
(\(for) 2775 1668 w
(HP) 2965 1668 w
(710,) 3134 1668 w
(720,) 3350 1668 w
(820,) 3566 1668 w
(1000,) 3782 1668 w
(etc\).) 4049 1668 w
(It) 4290 1668 w
(is) 4393 1668 w
(a) 4502 1668 w
(superset) 4588 1668 w
(of) 4957 1668 w
(Netpbm's) 720 1788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pbmtoppa) 1145 1788 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 1641 1788 w
(handles,) 1816 1788 w
(notably,) 2177 1788 w
(color.) 2533 1788 w
(However,) 2819 1788 w
(it) 3240 1788 w
(is) 3326 1788 w
(more) 3423 1788 w
(of) 3658 1788 w
(a) 3771 1788 w
(printer) 3845 1788 w
(driver) 4141 1788 w
(than) 4409 1788 w
(a) 4611 1788 w
(Netpbm\255) 4685 1788 w
(style primitive graphics building block.) 720 1908 w
(See The Pnm2ppa /Sourceforge Project) 2345 1908 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Document/Graphics Software) 720 2148 w
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(There) 720 2340 w
(is) 982 2340 w
(a) 1080 2340 w
(large) 1155 2340 w
(class) 1385 2340 w
(of) 1610 2340 w
(software) 1724 2340 w
(that) 2098 2340 w
(does) 2279 2340 w
(document) 2493 2340 w
(processing,) 2918 2340 w
(and) 3401 2340 w
(that) 3576 2340 w
(is) 3757 2340 w
(somewhat) 3855 2340 w
(related) 4291 2340 w
(to) 4593 2340 w
(graphics) 4702 2340 w
(because) 720 2460 w
(documents) 1077 2460 w
(contain) 1552 2460 w
(graphics) 1888 2460 w
(and) 2268 2460 w
(a) 2454 2460 w
(page) 2540 2460 w
(of) 2770 2460 w
(a) 2895 2460 w
(document) 2981 2460 w
(is) 3417 2460 w
(for) 3526 2460 w
(many) 3684 2460 w
(purposes) 3948 2460 w
(a) 4345 2460 w
(graphic) 4431 2460 w
(image.) 4771 2460 w
(Because) 720 2580 w
(of) 1083 2580 w
(this) 1197 2580 w
(slight) 1373 2580 w
(intersection) 1627 2580 w
(with) 2124 2580 w
(graphics,) 2333 2580 w
(I) 2727 2580 w
(cover) 2791 2580 w
(document) 3043 2580 w
(processing) 3468 2580 w
(software) 3926 2580 w
(here) 4300 2580 w
(briefly,) 4502 2580 w
(but) 4824 2580 w
(it) 4984 2580 w
(is for the most part beyond the scope of this document.) 720 2700 w
(First,) 720 2856 w
(we) 961 2856 w
(look) 1109 2856 w
(at) 1319 2856 w
(where) 1423 2856 w
(Netpbm) 1698 2856 w
(meets) 2052 2856 w
(document) 2317 2856 w
(processing.) 2743 2856 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pstopnm) 3252 2856 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(converts) 3657 2856 w
(from) 4027 2856 w
(Postscript) 4253 2856 w
(and) 4680 2856 w
(PDF) 4856 2856 w
(to) 720 2976 w
(PNM.) 828 2976 w
(It) 1125 2976 w
(effectively) 1216 2976 w
(renders) 1672 2976 w
(the) 1995 2976 w
(document) 2147 2976 w
(into) 2571 2976 w
(images) 2757 2976 w
(of) 3070 2976 w
(printed) 3182 2976 w
(pages.) 3494 2976 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pstopnm) 3800 2976 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 4202 2976 w
(nothing) 4298 2976 w
(but) 4633 2976 w
(a) 4790 2976 w
(con\255) 4863 2976 w
(venient) 720 3096 w
(wrapper) 1046 3096 w
(for) 1404 3096 w
(Ghostscript,) 1553 3096 w
(and) 2072 3096 w
(in) 2249 3096 w
(particular) 2360 3096 w
(Netpbm\255format) 2775 3096 w
(device) 3429 3096 w
(drivers) 3722 3096 w
(that) 4032 3096 w
(are) 4215 3096 w
(part) 4369 3096 w
(of) 4557 3096 w
(it.) 4673 3096 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnm\255) 4812 3096 w
(tops) 720 3216 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 924 3216 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pbmtoepsi) 1094 3216 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(convert) 1565 3216 w
(a) 1890 3216 w
(PNM) 1960 3216 w
(image) 2203 3216 w
(to) 2473 3216 w
(a) 2577 3216 w
(Postscript) 2647 3216 w
(program) 3068 3216 w
(for) 3432 3216 w
(printing the image.) 3574 3216 w
(But to really use) 4382 3216 w
(PDF and Postscript files, you generally need more complex document processing software.) 720 3336 w
(Adobe) 720 3492 w
(invented) 1025 3492 w
(Postscript) 1408 3492 w
(and) 1842 3492 w
(PDF) 2025 3492 w
(and) 2248 3492 w
(products) 2431 3492 w
(from) 2814 3492 w
(Adobe) 3048 3492 w
(are) 3354 3492 w
(for) 3515 3492 w
(many) 3671 3492 w
(purposes) 3933 3492 w
(the) 4328 3492 w
(quintessential) 4490 3492 w
(Postscript and PDF tools.) 720 3612 w
(Adobe's) 720 3768 w
(free) 1087 3768 w
(Acrobat) 1271 3768 w
(Reader) 1622 3768 w
(displays) 1934 3768 w
(PDF) 2292 3768 w
(and) 2506 3768 w
(converts) 2680 3768 w
(to) 3048 3768 w
(Postscript.) 3156 3768 w
(The) 3631 3768 w
(Acrobat) 3816 3768 w
(Reader) 4167 3768 w
(for) 4479 3768 w
(unix) 4625 3768 w
(has) 4833 3768 w
(a) 4996 3768 w
(program name of "acroread" and the \255toPostScript option \(also see the \255level2 option\) is useful.) 720 3888 w
(Other) 720 4044 w
(software) 979 4044 w
(from) 1354 4044 w
(Adobe,) 1580 4044 w
(available) 1903 4044 w
(for) 2295 4044 w
(purchase,) 2443 4044 w
(interprets) 2854 4044 w
(and) 3264 4044 w
(creates) 3441 4044 w
(Postscript) 3750 4044 w
(and) 4178 4044 w
(PDF) 4355 4044 w
(files.) 4572 4044 w
("Dis\255) 4827 4044 w
(till" is a program that converts Postscript to PDF.) 720 4164 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(xpdf) 720 4320 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(also reads PDF files.) 940 4320 w
(GSview, ghostview, gv, ggv, and kghostview are some other viewers for Postscript and PDF files.) 720 4476 w
(The program) 720 4632 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ps2pdf) 1263 4632 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, part of Ghostscript, converts from Postscript to PDF.) 1553 4632 w
(Two) 720 4788 w
(packages) 939 4788 w
(that) 1340 4788 w
(produce) 1526 4788 w
(more) 1883 4788 w
(kinds) 2124 4788 w
(of) 2377 4788 w
(Encapsulated) 2496 4788 w
(Postscript) 3064 4788 w
(than) 3496 4788 w
(the) 3705 4788 w
(Netpbm) 3864 4788 w
(programs,) 4223 4788 w
(including) 4662 4788 w
(compressed kinds, are bmeps and imgtops.) 720 4908 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(dvips) 720 5064 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(converts) 979 5064 w
(from) 1347 5064 w
(DVI) 1571 5064 w
(format) 1778 5064 w
(to) 2074 5064 w
(Postscript.) 2182 5064 w
(DVI) 2657 5064 w
(is) 2864 5064 w
(the) 2961 5064 w
(format) 3114 5064 w
(that) 3411 5064 w
(Tex) 3592 5064 w
(produces.) 3778 5064 w
(Netpbm) 4219 5064 w
(can) 4572 5064 w
(convert) 4741 5064 w
(from) 720 5184 w
(Postscript) 958 5184 w
(to) 1397 5184 w
(PNM.) 1519 5184 w
(Thus,) 1830 5184 w
(you) 2099 5184 w
(can) 2293 5184 w
(use) 2475 5184 w
(these) 2652 5184 w
(in) 2900 5184 w
(combination) 3021 5184 w
(to) 3564 5184 w
(work) 3685 5184 w
(with) 3933 5184 w
(Tex/Latex) 4154 5184 w
(documents) 4607 5184 w
(graphically.) 720 5304 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(wvware) 720 5460 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(converts) 1090 5460 w
(a) 1466 5460 w
(Microsoft) 1548 5460 w
(Word) 1980 5460 w
(document) 2245 5460 w
(\(.doc) 2677 5460 w
(file\)) 2917 5460 w
(to) 3121 5460 w
(various) 3237 5460 w
(other) 3569 5460 w
(formats.) 3812 5460 w
(While) 4205 5460 w
(the) 4487 5460 w
(web) 4647 5460 w
(page) 4852 5460 w
(doesn't seem to mention it, it reportedly can extract an embedded image in a Word document as a PNG.) 720 5580 w
(Document) 720 5736 w
(Printer) 1162 5736 w
(converts) 1460 5736 w
(various) 1824 5736 w
(print) 2144 5736 w
(document) 2359 5736 w
(formats) 2779 5736 w
(\(Microsoft) 3111 5736 w
(Word,) 3565 5736 w
(PDF,) 3844 5736 w
(HTML,) 4080 5736 w
(etc.\)) 4415 5736 w
(to) 4641 5736 w
(various) 4746 5736 w
(graphic image formats.) 720 5856 w
(\($38, Windows only\).) 1693 5856 w
(Latex2html) 720 6012 w
(converts) 1217 6012 w
(Latex) 1591 6012 w
(document) 1855 6012 w
(source) 2286 6012 w
(to) 2583 6012 w
(HTML) 2698 6012 w
(document) 3018 6012 w
(source.) 3449 6012 w
(Part) 3796 6012 w
(of) 3994 6012 w
(that) 4114 6012 w
(involves) 4301 6012 w
(graphics,) 4677 6012 w
(and) 720 6132 w
(Latex2html) 904 6132 w
(uses) 1405 6132 w
(Netpbm) 1617 6132 w
(tools) 1979 6132 w
(for) 2214 6132 w
(some) 2370 6132 w
(of) 2621 6132 w
(that.) 2744 6132 w
(But) 2984 6132 w
(Latex2html) 3169 6132 w
(through) 3670 6132 w
(its) 4021 6132 w
(history) 4156 6132 w
(has) 4474 6132 w
(had) 4646 6132 w
(some) 4829 6132 w
(rather) 720 6252 w
(esoteric) 1006 6252 w
(codependencies) 1370 6252 w
(with) 2056 6252 w
(Netpbm.) 2289 6252 w
(Older) 2716 6252 w
(Latex2html) 2998 6252 w
(doesn't) 3514 6252 w
(work) 3863 6252 w
(with) 4123 6252 w
(current) 4356 6252 w
(Netpbm.) 4693 6252 w
(Latex2html\25599.2beta8 works, though.) 720 6372 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Other) 720 6612 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(The) 720 6804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(file) 903 6804 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(program) 1064 6804 w
(looks) 1430 6804 w
(at) 1675 6804 w
(a) 1775 6804 w
(file) 1847 6804 w
(and) 2009 6804 w
(tells) 2182 6804 w
(you) 2378 6804 w
(what) 2557 6804 w
(kind) 2780 6804 w
(of) 2987 6804 w
(file) 3099 6804 w
(it) 3261 6804 w
(is.) 3346 6804 w
(It) 3492 6804 w
(recognizes) 3582 6804 w
(most) 4037 6804 w
(of) 4261 6804 w
(the) 4373 6804 w
(graphics) 4524 6804 w
(for\255) 4891 6804 w
(mats) 720 6924 w
(with) 949 6924 w
(which) 1167 6924 w
(Netpbm) 1451 6924 w
(deals,) 1813 6924 w
(so) 2083 6924 w
(it) 2212 6924 w
(is) 2308 6924 w
(pretty) 2415 6924 w
(handy) 2687 6924 w
(for) 2970 6924 w
(graphics) 3125 6924 w
(work.) 3502 6924 w
(Netpbm's) 3796 6924 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(anytopnm) 4229 6924 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(program) 4702 6924 w
(depends on) 720 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(file.) 1197 7044 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(See) 1405 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ftp://ftp.astron.com/pub/file) 1574 7044 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2763 7044 w
(The) 720 7200 w
(Utah) 906 7200 w
(Raster) 1131 7200 w
(Toolkit) 1417 7200 w
(serves) 1743 7200 w
(a) 2024 7200 w
(lot) 2100 7200 w
(of) 2238 7200 w
(the) 2353 7200 w
(same) 2507 7200 w
(purpose) 2744 7200 w
(as) 3092 7200 w
(Netpbm,) 3207 7200 w
(but) 3586 7200 w
(without) 3746 7200 w
(the) 4084 7200 w
(emphasis) 4238 7200 w
(on) 4642 7200 w
(format) 4774 7200 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
%%EndPage: 8 8
%%Page: 9 9
/saveobj save def
mark
9 pagesetup
10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 9 \255) 2797 480 w
(conversions.) 720 840 w
(This) 1273 840 w
(package) 1477 840 w
(is based on the RLE format, which you can convert to and from the Netpbm for\255) 1829 840 w
(mats.) 720 960 w
(The) 990 960 w
(website) 1176 960 w
(of) 1512 960 w
(the) 1626 960 w
(Geometric) 1779 960 w
(Design) 2231 960 w
(And) 2545 960 w
(Computation) 2748 960 w
(group) 3302 960 w
(in) 3566 960 w
(the) 3675 960 w
(Department) 3829 960 w
(of) 4332 960 w
(Computer) 4447 960 w
(Sci\255) 4879 960 w
(ence) 720 1080 w
(at) 942 1080 w
(University) 1054 1080 w
(of) 1516 1080 w
(Utah) 1639 1080 w
(used) 1873 1080 w
(to) 2096 1080 w
(\(ca.) 2214 1080 w
(2002\)) 2400 1080 w
(have) 2673 1080 w
(information) 2901 1080 w
(on) 3413 1080 w
(the) 3553 1080 w
(Utah) 3715 1080 w
(Raster) 3949 1080 w
(Toolkit,) 4244 1080 w
(but) 4604 1080 w
(now) 4772 1080 w
(it) 4984 1080 w
(doesn't.) 720 1200 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Ivtools) 720 1356 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 1040 1356 w
(a) 1138 1356 w
(suite) 1213 1356 w
(of) 1433 1356 w
(free) 1547 1356 w
(X) 1732 1356 w
(Windows) 1835 1356 w
(drawing) 2249 1356 w
(editors) 2607 1356 w
(for) 2911 1356 w
(Postscript,) 3059 1356 w
(Tex,) 3511 1356 w
(and) 3723 1356 w
(web) 3899 1356 w
(graphics) 4097 1356 w
(production,) 4467 1356 w
(as) 4957 1356 w
(well) 720 1476 w
(as) 958 1476 w
(an) 1106 1476 w
(embeddable) 1265 1476 w
(and) 1812 1476 w
(extendable) 2021 1476 w
(vector) 2518 1476 w
(graphic) 2832 1476 w
(shell.) 3196 1476 w
(It) 3500 1476 w
(uses) 3626 1476 w
(the) 3863 1476 w
(Netpbm) 4050 1476 w
(facilities.) 4437 1476 w
(See) 4896 1476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://www.ivtools.org) 720 1596 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1675 1596 w
(The) 720 1752 w
(program) 909 1752 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(morph) 1281 1752 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(morphs) 1604 1752 w
(one) 1938 1752 w
(image) 2117 1752 w
(into) 2396 1752 w
(another.) 2587 1752 w
(It) 2971 1752 w
(uses) 3067 1752 w
(Targa) 3274 1752 w
(format) 3541 1752 w
(images,) 3842 1752 w
(but) 4185 1752 w
(you) 4348 1752 w
(can) 4533 1752 w
(use) 4706 1752 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tga\255) 4874 1752 w
(toppm) 720 1872 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 1026 1872 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ppmtotga) 1198 1872 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 1636 1872 w
(deal) 1741 1872 w
(with) 1934 1872 w
(that) 2139 1872 w
(format.) 2316 1872 w
(You) 2659 1872 w
(have) 2858 1872 w
(to) 3073 1872 w
(use) 3178 1872 w
(the) 3338 1872 w
(graphical) 3487 1872 w
(\(X/Tk\)) 3885 1872 w
(Xmorph) 4189 1872 w
(to) 4549 1872 w
(create) 4654 1872 w
(the) 4918 1872 w
(mesh) 720 1992 w
(files) 1016 1992 w
(that) 1273 1992 w
(you) 1508 1992 w
(must) 1743 1992 w
(feed) 2023 1992 w
(to) 2280 1992 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(morph) 2444 1992 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2733 1992 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(morph) 2869 1992 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 3244 1992 w
(part) 3397 1992 w
(of) 3638 1992 w
(the) 3807 1992 w
(Xmorph) 4015 1992 w
(package.) 4434 1992 w
(See) 4896 1992 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(http://www.colorado\255research.com/\224gourlay/software/Graphics/Xmorph) 720 2112 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3794 2112 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Other Graphics Formats) 720 2352 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(People) 720 2544 w
(never) 1021 2544 w
(seem) 1271 2544 w
(to) 1505 2544 w
(tire) 1612 2544 w
(of) 1774 2544 w
(inventing) 1886 2544 w
(new) 2293 2544 w
(graphics) 2489 2544 w
(formats,) 2857 2544 w
(often) 3217 2544 w
(completely) 3452 2544 w
(redundant) 3926 2544 w
(with) 4355 2544 w
(pre\255existing) 4563 2544 w
(ones.) 720 2664 w
(Netpbm) 988 2664 w
(cannot) 1345 2664 w
(keep) 1646 2664 w
(up) 1869 2664 w
(with) 2004 2664 w
(them.) 2217 2664 w
(Here) 2502 2664 w
(is) 2730 2664 w
(a) 2832 2664 w
(list) 2911 2664 w
(of) 3069 2664 w
(a) 3187 2664 w
(few) 3266 2664 w
(that) 3449 2664 w
(we) 3633 2664 w
(know) 3783 2664 w
(Netpbm) 4039 2664 w
(does) 4395 2664 w
(not) 4612 2664 w
(handle) 4774 2664 w
(\(yet\).) 720 2784 w
(Various commercial Windows software handles dozens of formats that Netpbm does not, especially formats) 720 2940 w
(typically) 720 3060 w
(used) 1105 3060 w
(with) 1323 3060 w
(Windows) 1536 3060 w
(programs.) 1954 3060 w
(ImageMagick) 2416 3060 w
(is) 3005 3060 w
(probably) 3106 3060 w
(the) 3495 3060 w
(most) 3651 3060 w
(used) 3880 3060 w
(free) 4097 3060 w
(image) 4285 3060 w
(format) 4563 3060 w
(con\255) 4863 3060 w
(verter and it also handles lots of formats Netpbm does not.) 720 3180 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3336 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(VRML \(Virtual Reality Modelling Language\)) 995 3336 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3492 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(CAL) 970 3492 w
(\(originated) 1329 3492 w
(by) 1926 3492 w
(US) 2185 3492 w
(Department) 2472 3492 w
(Of) 3102 3492 w
(Defense,) 3366 3492 w
(favored) 3876 3492 w
(by) 4340 3492 w
(architects\).) 4600 3492 w
(http://www.landfield.com/faqs/graphics/fileformats\255faq/part3/section\25524.html) 970 3612 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3768 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(array formats dx, general, netcdf, CDF, hdf, cm) 970 3768 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3924 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(CGM+) 970 3924 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4080 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Windows) 970 4080 w
(Meta) 1384 4080 w
(File) 1620 4080 w
(\(.WMF\).) 1807 4080 w
(Libwmf) 2218 4080 w
(converts) 2571 4080 w
(from) 2940 4080 w
(WMF) 3165 4080 w
(to) 3436 4080 w
(things) 3546 4080 w
(like) 3823 4080 w
(Latex,) 4005 4080 w
(PDF,) 4289 4080 w
(PNG.) 4530 4080 w
(Some) 4812 4080 w
(of these can be input to Netpbm.) 970 4200 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4356 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Microsoft) 970 4356 w
(Word) 1396 4356 w
(.doc) 1655 4356 w
(format.) 1856 4356 w
(Microsoft) 2204 4356 w
(keeps) 2630 4356 w
(a) 2889 4356 w
(proprietary) 2965 4356 w
(hold) 3440 4356 w
(on) 3650 4356 w
(this) 3782 4356 w
(format.) 3960 4356 w
(Any) 4309 4356 w
(software) 4514 4356 w
(you) 4890 4356 w
(see that can handle it is likely to cost money.) 970 4476 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4632 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(RTF) 970 4632 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4788 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(DXF \(AutoCAD\)) 970 4788 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 4944 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(IOCA) 970 4944 w
(\(Image) 1244 4944 w
(Object) 1556 4944 w
(Content) 1852 4944 w
(Architecture\)) 2199 4944 w
(The) 2761 4944 w
(specification) 2947 4944 w
(of) 3488 4944 w
(this) 3602 4944 w
(format) 3778 4944 w
(is) 4075 4944 w
(documented) 4173 4944 w
(by) 4692 4944 w
(IBM:) 4823 4944 w
(Data) 970 5064 w
(Stream) 1187 5064 w
(and) 1499 5064 w
(Object) 1672 5064 w
(Architectures:) 1967 5064 w
(Image) 2561 5064 w
(Object) 2839 5064 w
(Content) 3134 5064 w
(Architecture) 3479 5064 w
(Reference.) 4005 5064 w
(See) 4486 5064 w
(above) 4658 5064 w
(for) 4924 5064 w
(software that processes this format.) 970 5184 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5340 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(OpenEXR is an HDR format \(like PFM\).) 970 5340 w
(See http://www.openexr.com.) 2666 5340 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5496 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Xv) 970 5496 w
(Visual) 1123 5496 w
(Schnauzer) 1416 5496 w
(thumbnail) 1863 5496 w
(image.) 2301 5496 w
(This) 2627 5496 w
(is) 2837 5496 w
(a) 2936 5496 w
(rather) 3012 5496 w
(antiquated) 3276 5496 w
(format) 3724 5496 w
(used) 4022 5496 w
(by) 4237 5496 w
(the) 4369 5496 w
(Xv) 4523 5496 w
(program.) 4677 5496 w
(In) 970 5616 w
(Netpbm) 1082 5616 w
(circles,) 1433 5616 w
(it) 1747 5616 w
(is) 1832 5616 w
(best) 1928 5616 w
(known) 2118 5616 w
(for) 2418 5616 w
(the) 2562 5616 w
(fact) 2712 5616 w
(that) 2889 5616 w
(it) 3067 5616 w
(is) 3151 5616 w
(very) 3246 5616 w
(similar) 3451 5616 w
(to) 3757 5616 w
(Netpbm) 3863 5616 w
(formats) 4213 5616 w
(and) 4546 5616 w
(uses) 4718 5616 w
(the) 4918 5616 w
(same signature \("P7"\) as PAM because it was developed as sort of a fork of the Netpbm) 970 5736 w
(format) 4510 5736 w
(speci\255) 4802 5736 w
(fications.) 970 5856 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6012 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(YUV) 970 6012 w
(4:2:0,) 1223 6012 w
(aka) 1492 6012 w
(YUV) 1668 6012 w
(420,) 1922 6012 w
(and) 2135 6012 w
(the) 2317 6012 w
(simlar) 2477 6012 w
(YUV) 2765 6012 w
(4:4:4,) 3019 6012 w
(YUV) 3288 6012 w
(4:2:2,) 3542 6012 w
(YUV) 3811 6012 w
(4:1:1,) 4065 6012 w
(YUV) 4334 6012 w
(4:1:1s,) 4588 6012 w
(and) 4896 6012 w
(YUV 4:1:0.) 970 6132 w
(Video systems often use this.) 1492 6132 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(History) 720 6408 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Netpbm) 720 6600 w
(has) 1072 6600 w
(a) 1235 6600 w
(long) 1309 6600 w
(history,) 1518 6600 w
(starting) 1852 6600 w
(with) 2183 6600 w
(Jef) 2392 6600 w
(Poskanzer's) 2539 6600 w
(Pbmplus) 3052 6600 w
(package) 3434 6600 w
(in) 3791 6600 w
(1988.) 3900 6600 w
(The) 4181 6600 w
(file) 4367 6600 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(HISTORY) 4531 6600 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(in) 4962 6600 w
(the Netpbm source code contains a historical overview as well as a detailed history release by release.) 720 6720 w
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10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 10 \255) 2772 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Author) 720 840 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Netpbm) 720 1032 w
(is) 1068 1032 w
(based) 1161 1032 w
(on) 1414 1032 w
(the) 1540 1032 w
(Pbmplus) 1688 1032 w
(package) 2065 1032 w
(by) 2417 1032 w
(Jef) 2543 1032 w
(Poskanzer,) 2685 1032 w
(first) 3146 1032 w
(distributed) 3333 1032 w
(in) 3787 1032 w
(1988) 3891 1032 w
(and) 4117 1032 w
(maintained) 4287 1032 w
(by) 4757 1032 w
(him) 4884 1032 w
(until) 720 1152 w
(1991.) 934 1152 w
(But) 1214 1152 w
(the) 1389 1152 w
(package) 1541 1152 w
(contains) 1897 1152 w
(work) 2260 1152 w
(by) 2495 1152 w
(countless) 2625 1152 w
(other) 3027 1152 w
(authors,) 3262 1152 w
(added) 3611 1152 w
(since) 3879 1152 w
(Jef's) 4114 1152 w
(original) 4332 1152 w
(work.) 4673 1152 w
(In) 4957 1152 w
(fact,) 720 1272 w
(the) 926 1272 w
(name) 1080 1272 w
(is) 1328 1272 w
(derived) 1427 1272 w
(from) 1758 1272 w
(the) 1984 1272 w
(fact) 2138 1272 w
(that) 2319 1272 w
(the) 2501 1272 w
(work) 2655 1272 w
(was) 2892 1272 w
(contributed) 3079 1272 w
(by) 3567 1272 w
(people) 3700 1272 w
(all) 3999 1272 w
(over) 4132 1272 w
(the) 4342 1272 w
(world) 4497 1272 w
(via) 4763 1272 w
(the) 4918 1272 w
(Internet, when such collaboration was still novel enough to merit naming the package after it.) 720 1392 w
(Bryan) 720 1548 w
(Henderson) 1006 1548 w
(has) 1480 1548 w
(been) 1655 1548 w
(maintaining) 1885 1548 w
(Netpbm) 2405 1548 w
(since) 2769 1548 w
(1999.) 3016 1548 w
(In) 3309 1548 w
(addition) 3435 1548 w
(to) 3806 1548 w
(packaging) 3927 1548 w
(work) 4380 1548 w
(by) 4628 1548 w
(others,) 4771 1548 w
(Bryan has also written a significant amount of new material for the package.) 720 1668 w
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