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12 /Times-Bold f
(Libnetbpm) 2144 1230 w
(Utility Functions) 2749 1230 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Libnetpbm Utility Functions) 720 1920 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Updated: 27 August 2006) 720 2076 w
(Table Of Contents) 720 2232 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(NAME) 720 2472 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(libpm \255 netpbm utility functions) 720 2628 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(DESCRIPTION) 720 2868 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(These library functions are part of Netpbm.) 720 3060 w
(This page documents functions in the Netpbm subroutine library that are not directly related to image data.) 720 3216 w
(For introductory and general information using) 720 3372 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 2629 3372 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, see Libnetpbm User's Guide.) 3069 3372 w
(The) 720 3528 w
(most) 906 3528 w
(commonly) 1132 3528 w
(used) 1591 3528 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 1805 3528 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(functions) 2276 3528 w
(are) 2679 3528 w
(those) 2831 3528 w
(that) 3073 3528 w
(read) 3255 3528 w
(and) 3458 3528 w
(write) 3634 3528 w
(and) 3871 3528 w
(process) 4047 3528 w
(Netpbm) 4378 3528 w
(images.) 4732 3528 w
(Those are documented in Libnetpbm Netpbm Image Processing Manual) 720 3648 w
(To use these services, #include) 720 3804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pam.h) 1984 3804 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2254 3804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Functions) 720 4044 w
(Initialization) 720 4320 w
(Overview) 720 4596 w
(void pm) 720 4788 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(init\( int *) 1118 4788 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(argcP) 1513 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, char *) 1757 4788 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(argv) 2076 4788 w
10 /Times-Bold f
([] \);) 2259 4788 w
(Description) 720 5028 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(All) 720 5220 w
(Netpbm) 908 5220 w
(programs) 1290 5220 w
(must) 1727 5220 w
(call) 1982 5220 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2186 5220 w
10 /S f
(_) 2325 5220 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(init\(\)) 2375 5220 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(just) 2646 5220 w
(after) 2851 5220 w
(startup,) 3093 5220 w
(before) 3450 5220 w
(they) 3764 5220 w
(process) 3996 5220 w
(their) 4355 5220 w
(arguments.) 4599 5220 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 5340 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5340 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(init\(\)) 909 5340 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1120 5340 w
(among) 1180 5340 w
(other) 1487 5340 w
(things,) 1727 5340 w
(processes) 2032 5340 w
(Netpbm) 2449 5340 w
(universal) 2806 5340 w
(arguments) 3207 5340 w
(and) 3658 5340 w
(removes) 3837 5340 w
(them) 4210 5340 w
(from) 4445 5340 w
(the) 4674 5340 w
(argu\255) 4830 5340 w
(ment list.) 720 5460 w
(A program that isn't a Netpbm program, but just uses) 720 5616 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(libnetpbm) 2882 5616 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(services, need not invoke) 3347 5616 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 4381 5616 w
10 /S f
(_) 4520 5616 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(init) 4570 5616 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4715 5616 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(File Or Image Stream Access) 720 5856 w
(Overview) 720 6132 w
(FILE *pm) 720 6324 w
10 /S f
(_) 1168 6324 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr\( char *) 1218 6324 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(name) 1820 6324 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\)) 2036 6324 w
(FILE *pm) 720 6480 w
10 /S f
(_) 1168 6480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openw\( char *) 1218 6480 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(name) 1848 6480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2089 6480 w
(FILE *pm) 720 6636 w
10 /S f
(_) 1168 6636 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 1218 6636 w
10 /S f
(_) 1468 6636 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\( const char *) 1518 6636 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(name) 2478 6636 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2719 6636 w
(FILE *pm) 720 6792 w
10 /S f
(_) 1168 6792 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(close\( FILE *) 1218 6792 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fp) 1815 6792 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 1918 6792 w
(void pm) 720 6948 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 6948 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell2\( FILE *) 1118 6948 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileP) 1718 6948 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, pm) 1907 6948 w
10 /S f
(_) 2096 6948 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(filepos *) 2146 6948 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileposP) 2524 6948 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, unsigned int) 2852 6948 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileposSize) 3454 6948 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 3907 6948 w
(unsigned int pm) 720 7104 w
10 /S f
(_) 1411 7104 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell\( FILE *) 1461 7104 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileP) 1986 7104 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2200 7104 w
(void pm) 720 7260 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek2\( FILE *) 1118 7260 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileP) 1768 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, const pm) 1957 7260 w
10 /S f
(_) 2393 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(filepos *) 2443 7260 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileposP) 2821 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, unsigned int) 3149 7260 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileposSize) 3751 7260 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 4204 7260 w
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10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 2 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(void pm) 720 840 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek\( FILE *) 1118 840 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileP) 1718 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, unsigned long) 1907 840 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(filepos) 2576 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2868 840 w
(char *pm) 720 996 w
10 /S f
(_) 1128 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(read) 1178 996 w
10 /S f
(_) 1372 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(unknown) 1422 996 w
10 /S f
(_) 1824 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(size\( FILE *) 1874 996 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fp) 2421 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long *) 2499 996 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(nread) 2833 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 3091 996 w
(Description) 720 1236 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(An image stream is just a file stream \(represented in the standard C library as type) 720 1428 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(FILE *) 4025 1428 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\).) 4334 1428 w
(These) 720 1584 w
(routines) 987 1584 w
(work) 1338 1584 w
(on) 1572 1584 w
(files) 1701 1584 w
(>) 1902 1584 w
(2) 1987 1584 w
(GiB) 2066 1584 w
(if) 2262 1584 w
(the) 2352 1584 w
(underlying) 2503 1584 w
(system) 2965 1584 w
(does,) 3272 1584 w
(using) 3509 1584 w
(the) 3755 1584 w
(standard) 3907 1584 w
(large) 4275 1584 w
(file) 4504 1584 w
(interface.) 4667 1584 w
(Before) 720 1704 w
(Netpbm) 1019 1704 w
(10.15) 1369 1704 w
(\(April) 1622 1704 w
(2003\),) 1894 1704 w
(though,) 2180 1704 w
(they) 2510 1704 w
(would) 2709 1704 w
(fail) 2986 1704 w
(to) 3146 1704 w
(open) 3251 1704 w
(any) 3472 1704 w
(file) 3643 1704 w
(that) 3803 1704 w
(large) 3980 1704 w
(or) 4206 1704 w
(process) 4316 1704 w
(any) 4642 1704 w
(offset) 4813 1704 w
(in a file that could not be represented in 32 bits.) 720 1824 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 1980 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 1980 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr\(\)) 909 1980 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(opens) 1256 1980 w
(the) 1520 1980 w
(given) 1673 1980 w
(file) 1926 1980 w
(for) 2090 1980 w
(reading,) 2237 1980 w
(with) 2592 1980 w
(appropriate) 2801 1980 w
(error) 3286 1980 w
(checking.) 3510 1980 w
(A) 3951 1980 w
(filename) 4054 1980 w
(of) 4435 1980 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255) 4550 1980 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 4615 1980 w
(taken) 4714 1980 w
(to) 4962 1980 w
(mean) 720 2100 w
(Standard) 983 2100 w
(Input.) 1385 2100 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1693 2100 w
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(_) 1832 2100 w
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(openw\(\)) 1882 2100 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(opens) 2273 2100 w
(the) 2553 2100 w
(given) 2722 2100 w
(file) 2991 2100 w
(for) 3170 2100 w
(writing,) 3332 2100 w
(with) 3692 2100 w
(appropriate) 3916 2100 w
(error) 4416 2100 w
(checking.) 4655 2100 w
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(pm) 720 2220 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 2220 w
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(close\(\)) 909 2220 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(closes the file descriptor, with appropriate error checking.) 1205 2220 w
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(pm) 720 2376 w
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(_) 859 2376 w
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(openr) 909 2376 w
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(_) 1159 2376 w
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(seekable\(\)) 1209 2376 w
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(appears) 1663 2376 w
(to) 1994 2376 w
(open) 2099 2376 w
(the) 2320 2376 w
(file) 2469 2376 w
(just) 2629 2376 w
(like) 2801 2376 w
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(pm) 2978 2376 w
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(openr\(\)) 3167 2376 w
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(,) 3483 2376 w
(but) 3535 2376 w
(the) 3690 2376 w
(file) 3839 2376 w
(thus) 3999 2376 w
(opened) 4193 2376 w
(is) 4508 2376 w
(guaranteed) 4603 2376 w
(to) 720 2496 w
(be) 831 2496 w
(seekable) 958 2496 w
(\(you) 1334 2496 w
(can) 1550 2496 w
(use) 1721 2496 w
(ftell\(\)) 1886 2496 w
(and) 2145 2496 w
(fseek\(\)) 2321 2496 w
(on) 2629 2496 w
(it\).) 2761 2496 w
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(pm) 2932 2496 w
10 /S f
(_) 3071 2496 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 3121 2496 w
10 /S f
(_) 3371 2496 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\(\)) 3421 2496 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(pulls) 3880 2496 w
(this) 4107 2496 w
(off) 4284 2496 w
(by) 4432 2496 w
(copying) 4564 2496 w
(the) 4918 2496 w
(entire) 720 2616 w
(file) 980 2616 w
(to) 1146 2616 w
(a) 1257 2616 w
(temporary) 1334 2616 w
(file) 1777 2616 w
(and) 1943 2616 w
(giving) 2120 2616 w
(you) 2409 2616 w
(the) 2592 2616 w
(handle) 2747 2616 w
(of) 3046 2616 w
(the) 3162 2616 w
(temporary) 3317 2616 w
(file,) 3761 2616 w
(if) 3953 2616 w
(it) 4048 2616 w
(has) 4138 2616 w
(to.) 4305 2616 w
(If) 4467 2616 w
(the) 4567 2616 w
(file) 4723 2616 w
(you) 4890 2616 w
(name) 720 2736 w
(is) 992 2736 w
(a) 1115 2736 w
(regular) 1215 2736 w
(file,) 1553 2736 w
(it's) 1767 2736 w
(already) 1951 2736 w
(seekable) 2300 2736 w
(so) 2699 2736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2844 2736 w
10 /S f
(_) 2983 2736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 3033 2736 w
10 /S f
(_) 3283 2736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\(\)) 3333 2736 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(just) 3816 2736 w
(does) 4017 2736 w
(the) 4256 2736 w
(same) 4434 2736 w
(thing) 4695 2736 w
(as) 4957 2736 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 2856 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 2856 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr\(\)) 909 2856 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 1225 2856 w
(But) 1303 2856 w
(if) 1476 2856 w
(it) 1565 2856 w
(is,) 1649 2856 w
(say,) 1769 2856 w
(a) 1955 2856 w
(pipe,) 2027 2856 w
(it) 2253 2856 w
(isn't) 2338 2856 w
(seekable.) 2545 2856 w
(So) 2967 2856 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3102 2856 w
10 /S f
(_) 3241 2856 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 3291 2856 w
10 /S f
(_) 3541 2856 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\(\)) 3591 2856 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(reads) 4047 2856 w
(the) 4286 2856 w
(pipe) 4437 2856 w
(until) 4638 2856 w
(EOF) 4851 2856 w
(into) 720 2976 w
(a) 905 2976 w
(temporary) 978 2976 w
(file,) 1417 2976 w
(then) 1604 2976 w
(opens) 1805 2976 w
(that) 2066 2976 w
(temporary) 2244 2976 w
(file) 2682 2976 w
(and) 2843 2976 w
(returns) 3015 2976 w
(the) 3320 2976 w
(handle) 3470 2976 w
(of) 3764 2976 w
(the) 3875 2976 w
(temporary) 4025 2976 w
(file.) 4463 2976 w
(The) 4674 2976 w
(tem\255) 4857 2976 w
(porary file is seekable.) 720 3096 w
(The) 745 3252 w
(file) 930 3252 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1093 3252 w
10 /S f
(_) 1232 3252 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 1282 3252 w
10 /S f
(_) 1532 3252 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\(\)) 1582 3252 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(creates) 2039 3252 w
(is) 2345 3252 w
(one) 2442 3252 w
(that) 2616 3252 w
(the) 2797 3252 w
(operating) 2950 3252 w
(system) 3358 3252 w
(recognizes) 3667 3252 w
(as) 4124 3252 w
(temporary,) 4238 3252 w
(so) 4704 3252 w
(when) 4824 3252 w
(you close the file, by any means, it gets deleted.) 720 3372 w
(You) 720 3528 w
(need) 922 3528 w
(a) 1140 3528 w
(seekable) 1214 3528 w
(file) 1587 3528 w
(if) 1750 3528 w
(you) 1841 3528 w
(intend) 2021 3528 w
(to) 2301 3528 w
(make) 2410 3528 w
(multiple) 2657 3528 w
(passes) 3022 3528 w
(through) 3308 3528 w
(the) 3650 3528 w
(file.) 3803 3528 w
(The) 4017 3528 w
(only) 4203 3528 w
(alternative) 4412 3528 w
(is) 4864 3528 w
(to) 4962 3528 w
(read) 720 3648 w
(the) 923 3648 w
(entire) 1077 3648 w
(image) 1336 3648 w
(into) 1612 3648 w
(memory) 1800 3648 w
(and) 2165 3648 w
(work) 2341 3648 w
(from) 2577 3648 w
(that) 2802 3648 w
(copy.) 2983 3648 w
(That) 3258 3648 w
(may) 3472 3648 w
(use) 3675 3648 w
(too) 3839 3648 w
(much) 3998 3648 w
(memory.) 4251 3648 w
(Note) 4665 3648 w
(that) 4890 3648 w
(the) 720 3768 w
(image) 874 3768 w
(takes) 1150 3768 w
(less) 1387 3768 w
(space) 1569 3768 w
(in) 1822 3768 w
(the) 1932 3768 w
(file) 2086 3768 w
(cache) 2251 3768 w
(than) 2509 3768 w
(in) 2714 3768 w
(a) 2825 3768 w
(buffer) 2902 3768 w
(in) 3178 3768 w
(memory.) 3289 3768 w
(As) 3705 3768 w
(much) 3849 3768 w
(as) 4104 3768 w
(96) 4220 3768 w
(times) 4353 3768 w
(less) 4603 3768 w
(space!) 4786 3768 w
(Each) 720 3888 w
(sample) 948 3888 w
(is) 1260 3888 w
(an) 1356 3888 w
(integer) 1479 3888 w
(in) 1784 3888 w
(the) 1890 3888 w
(buffer,) 2040 3888 w
(which) 2336 3888 w
(is) 2608 3888 w
(usually) 2703 3888 w
(96) 3020 3888 w
(bits.) 3148 3888 w
(In) 3371 3888 w
(the) 3482 3888 w
(file,) 3632 3888 w
(a) 3818 3888 w
(sample) 3890 3888 w
(may) 4201 3888 w
(be) 4401 3888 w
(as) 4523 3888 w
(small) 4634 3888 w
(as) 4879 3888 w
(1) 4990 3888 w
(bit and rarely more than 8 bits.) 720 4008 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 4164 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 4164 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell2\(\)) 909 4164 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(returns) 1185 4164 w
(a) 1489 4164 w
(handle) 1560 4164 w
(for) 1853 4164 w
(the) 1997 4164 w
(current) 2147 4164 w
(position) 2457 4164 w
(of) 2808 4164 w
(the) 2919 4164 w
(image) 3069 4164 w
(stream) 3341 4164 w
(\(file\),) 3635 4164 w
(whether) 3887 4164 w
(it) 4236 4164 w
(be) 4320 4164 w
(the) 4442 4164 w
(header) 4592 4164 w
(or) 4885 4164 w
(a) 4996 4164 w
(row) 720 4284 w
(of) 906 4284 w
(the) 1020 4284 w
(raster.) 1173 4284 w
(Use) 1475 4284 w
(the) 1661 4284 w
(handle) 1814 4284 w
(as) 2111 4284 w
(an) 2225 4284 w
(argument) 2350 4284 w
(to) 2757 4284 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2865 4284 w
10 /S f
(_) 3004 4284 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek2\(\)) 3054 4284 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(to) 3383 4284 w
(reposition) 3491 4284 w
(the) 3921 4284 w
(file) 4073 4284 w
(there) 4236 4284 w
(later.) 4465 4284 w
(The) 4722 4284 w
(file) 4907 4284 w
(must be seekable \(which you can ensure by opening it with) 720 4404 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3108 4404 w
10 /S f
(_) 3247 4404 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(openr) 3297 4404 w
10 /S f
(_) 3547 4404 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seekable\(\)) 3597 4404 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\) or this may fail.) 4024 4404 w
(The) 720 4560 w
(file) 909 4560 w
(position) 1076 4560 w
(handle) 1433 4560 w
(is) 1733 4560 w
(of) 1834 4560 w
(type) 1951 4560 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2157 4560 w
10 /S f
(_) 2296 4560 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(filepos) 2346 4560 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 2624 4560 w
(which) 2684 4560 w
(is) 2963 4560 w
(intended) 3065 4560 w
(to) 3444 4560 w
(be) 3557 4560 w
(opaque,) 3686 4560 w
(i.e.) 4034 4560 w
(used) 4191 4560 w
(only) 4409 4560 w
(with) 4622 4560 w
(these) 4835 4560 w
(two) 720 4680 w
(functions.) 903 4680 w
(In) 1358 4680 w
(practice,) 1474 4680 w
(it) 1847 4680 w
(is) 1936 4680 w
(a) 2035 4680 w
(file) 2111 4680 w
(offset) 2276 4680 w
(and) 2535 4680 w
(is) 2711 4680 w
(32) 2810 4680 w
(bits) 2942 4680 w
(or) 3119 4680 w
(64) 3234 4680 w
(bits) 3366 4680 w
(depending) 3543 4680 w
(upon) 3991 4680 w
(the) 4223 4680 w
(capability) 4377 4680 w
(of) 4803 4680 w
(the) 4918 4680 w
(underlying) 720 4800 w
(system.) 1184 4800 w
(For) 1543 4800 w
(maximum) 1713 4800 w
(backward) 2150 4800 w
(and) 2568 4800 w
(forward) 2743 4800 w
(compatibility,) 3089 4800 w
(the) 3679 4800 w
(functions) 3832 4800 w
(that) 4235 4800 w
(take) 4416 4800 w
(or) 4613 4800 w
(return) 4727 4800 w
(a) 4996 4800 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 4920 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 4920 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(filepos) 909 4920 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(have) 1255 4920 w
(a) 1511 4920 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fileposSize) 1623 4920 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(argument) 2119 4920 w
(for) 2564 4920 w
(the) 2748 4920 w
(size) 2938 4920 w
(of) 3161 4920 w
(the) 3312 4920 w
(data) 3502 4920 w
(structure.) 3736 4920 w
(In) 4203 4920 w
(C,) 4353 4920 w
(simply) 4512 4920 w
(code) 4852 4920 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(sizeof\(pm) 720 5040 w
10 /S f
(_) 1130 5040 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(filepos\)) 1180 5040 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(for that.) 1516 5040 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 5196 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5196 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek\(\)) 909 5196 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 1190 5196 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1366 5196 w
10 /S f
(_) 1505 5196 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell) 1555 5196 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(are) 1720 5196 w
(for) 1873 5196 w
(backward) 2021 5196 w
(compatibility) 2440 5196 w
(only.) 3006 5196 w
(Do) 3266 5196 w
(not) 3420 5196 w
(use) 3580 5196 w
(them) 3745 5196 w
(in) 3978 5196 w
(new) 4089 5196 w
(code.) 4288 5196 w
(These) 4559 5196 w
(func\255) 4830 5196 w
(tions are not capable of handle positions in files whose byte offset cannot be represented in 32 bits.) 720 5316 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 5472 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell2\(\)) 909 5472 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 1183 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1352 5472 w
10 /S f
(_) 1491 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek2\(\)) 1541 5472 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(replaced) 1865 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2227 5472 w
10 /S f
(_) 2366 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(tell\(\)) 2416 5472 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 2640 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2809 5472 w
10 /S f
(_) 2948 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(seek\(\)) 2998 5472 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(in Netpbm 10.15 \(April 2003\).) 3272 5472 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 5628 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5628 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(read) 909 5628 w
10 /S f
(_) 1103 5628 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(unknown) 1153 5628 w
10 /S f
(_) 1555 5628 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(size\(\)) 1605 5628 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(reads) 1863 5628 w
(an) 2110 5628 w
(entire) 2241 5628 w
(file) 2505 5628 w
(or) 2675 5628 w
(input) 2795 5628 w
(stream) 3038 5628 w
(of) 3341 5628 w
(unknown) 3461 5628 w
(size) 3870 5628 w
(to) 4063 5628 w
(a) 4179 5628 w
(buffer.) 4261 5628 w
(It) 4592 5628 w
(allocates) 4691 5628 w
(more memory as needed.) 720 5748 w
(The calling routine has to free the allocated buffer with) 1773 5748 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(free\(\)) 4001 5748 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4232 5748 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 5904 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(read) 909 5904 w
10 /S f
(_) 1103 5904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(unknown) 1153 5904 w
10 /S f
(_) 1555 5904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(size\(\)) 1605 5904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(returns) 1854 5904 w
(a) 2159 5904 w
(pointer) 2231 5904 w
(to) 2542 5904 w
(the) 2648 5904 w
(allocated) 2798 5904 w
(buffer.) 3186 5904 w
(The) 3507 5904 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(nread) 3690 5904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(argument) 3968 5904 w
(returns) 4373 5904 w
(the) 4678 5904 w
(num\255) 4829 5904 w
(ber of bytes read.) 720 6024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Endian I/O) 720 6264 w
(Entry Points) 720 6540 w
(void pm) 720 6732 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 6732 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readchar\( FILE *) 1118 6732 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 1898 6732 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, char *) 1976 6732 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2320 6732 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2445 6732 w
(void pm) 720 6888 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writechar\( FILE *) 1118 6888 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 1925 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, char) 2053 6888 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2322 6888 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2386 6888 w
(int pm) 720 7044 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbigshort\( FILE *) 1051 7044 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 1993 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short *) 2071 7044 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2443 7044 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2568 7044 w
(int pm) 720 7200 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 7200 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebigshort\( FILE *) 1051 7200 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2020 7200 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short) 2148 7200 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2445 7200 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2509 7200 w
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10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 3 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(int pm) 720 840 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbiglong\( FILE *) 1051 840 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 1955 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long *) 2033 840 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(lP) 2367 840 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2481 840 w
(int pm) 720 996 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebiglong\( FILE *) 1051 996 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 1982 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long) 2110 996 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(l) 2369 996 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2422 996 w
(int pm) 720 1152 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 1152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittleshort\( FILE *) 1051 1152 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2053 1152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short *) 2131 1152 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2503 1152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2628 1152 w
(int pm) 720 1308 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 1308 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writelittleshort\( FILE *) 1051 1308 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2080 1308 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short) 2208 1308 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2505 1308 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2569 1308 w
(int pm) 720 1464 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 1464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittlelong\( FILE *) 1051 1464 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2015 1464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long *) 2093 1464 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(lP) 2427 1464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2541 1464 w
(int pm) 720 1620 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 1620 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writelittlelong\( FILE *) 1051 1620 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2042 1620 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long) 2170 1620 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(l) 2429 1620 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2482 1620 w
(void pm) 720 1776 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 1776 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readcharu\( FILE *) 1118 1776 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 1954 1776 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, char *) 2032 1776 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2376 1776 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2501 1776 w
(void pm) 720 1932 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 1932 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writecharu\( FILE *) 1118 1932 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 1981 1932 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, char) 2109 1932 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2378 1932 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2442 1932 w
(int pm) 720 2088 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2088 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbigshortu\( FILE *) 1051 2088 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2049 2088 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short *) 2127 2088 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2499 2088 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2624 2088 w
(int pm) 720 2244 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2244 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebigshortu\( FILE *) 1051 2244 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2076 2244 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short) 2204 2244 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2501 2244 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2565 2244 w
(int pm) 720 2400 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2400 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbiglongu\( FILE *) 1051 2400 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2011 2400 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long *) 2089 2400 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(lP) 2423 2400 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2537 2400 w
(int pm) 720 2556 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2556 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebiglongu\( FILE *) 1051 2556 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2038 2556 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long) 2166 2556 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(l) 2425 2556 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2478 2556 w
(int pm) 720 2712 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittleshortu\( FILE *) 1051 2712 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2109 2712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short *) 2187 2712 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(sP) 2559 2712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2684 2712 w
(int pm) 720 2868 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 2868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writelittleshortu\( FILE *) 1051 2868 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2136 2868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, short) 2264 2868 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(s) 2561 2868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2625 2868 w
(int pm) 720 3024 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 3024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittlelongu\( FILE *) 1051 3024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(in) 2071 3024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long *) 2149 3024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(lP) 2483 3024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2597 3024 w
(int pm) 720 3180 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 3180 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writelittlelongu\( FILE *) 1051 3180 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(out) 2098 3180 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(, long) 2226 3180 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(l) 2485 3180 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2538 3180 w
(Description) 720 3420 w
(pm) 720 3576 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readchar\(\)) 909 3576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1363 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1507 3576 w
10 /S f
(_) 1646 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writechar\(\)) 1696 3576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 2177 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2321 3576 w
10 /S f
(_) 2460 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbigshort\(\)) 2510 3576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 3126 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3271 3576 w
10 /S f
(_) 3410 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebigshort\(\)) 3460 3576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 4103 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 4248 3576 w
10 /S f
(_) 4387 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbiglong\(\)) 4437 3576 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 5015 3576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 3696 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writebiglong\(\)) 909 3696 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1514 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1714 3696 w
10 /S f
(_) 1853 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittleshort\(\)) 1903 3696 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 2579 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2779 3696 w
10 /S f
(_) 2918 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(writelittleshort\(\)) 2968 3696 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 3671 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3870 3696 w
10 /S f
(_) 4009 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readlittlelong\(\)) 4059 3696 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 4697 3696 w
(and) 4896 3696 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 3816 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 3816 w
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(writelittlelong\(\)) 909 3816 w
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(are) 1601 3816 w
(routines) 1749 3816 w
(to) 2098 3816 w
(read) 2203 3816 w
(and) 2401 3816 w
(write) 2572 3816 w
(1\255byte,) 2804 3816 w
(2\255byte,) 3112 3816 w
(and) 3420 3816 w
(4\255byte) 3592 3816 w
(pure) 3875 3816 w
(binary) 4080 3816 w
(integers) 4363 3816 w
(in) 4707 3816 w
(either) 4813 3816 w
(big\255) 720 3936 w
(or) 914 3936 w
(little\255endian) 1030 3936 w
(byte) 1546 3936 w
(order.) 1751 3936 w
(Note) 2044 3936 w
(that) 2270 3936 w
(a) 2452 3936 w
("long) 2528 3936 w
(int") 2779 3936 w
(C) 2958 3936 w
(type) 3057 3936 w
(might) 3261 3936 w
(be) 3527 3936 w
(wider) 3653 3936 w
(than) 3912 3936 w
(4) 4116 3936 w
(bytes,) 4198 3936 w
(but) 4466 3936 w
(the) 4626 3936 w
("long") 4780 3936 w
(routines still read and write 4 bytes.) 720 4056 w
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(pm) 720 4212 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 4212 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(readbiglongu\(\)) 909 4212 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 1543 4212 w
(etc.) 1600 4212 w
(\(names) 1773 4212 w
(ending) 2093 4212 w
(in) 2397 4212 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(u) 2507 4212 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\)) 2563 4212 w
(are) 2628 4212 w
(the) 2781 4212 w
(same) 2935 4212 w
(except) 3173 4212 w
(they) 3466 4212 w
(work) 3671 4212 w
(on) 3909 4212 w
(unsigned) 4042 4212 w
(versions) 4436 4212 w
(of) 4802 4212 w
(the) 4918 4212 w
(type.) 720 4332 w
(The) 720 4488 w
(routines) 923 4488 w
(with) 1293 4488 w
(declared) 1519 4488 w
(return) 1904 4488 w
(values) 2190 4488 w
(always) 2493 4488 w
(return) 2818 4488 w
(0.) 3105 4488 w
(Before) 3254 4488 w
(Netpbm) 3574 4488 w
(10.27) 3945 4488 w
(\(March) 4219 4488 w
(2005\),) 4561 4488 w
(they) 4868 4488 w
(returned) 720 4608 w
(\2551) 1086 4608 w
(on) 1203 4608 w
(failure,) 1337 4608 w
(including) 1656 4608 w
(EOF.) 2068 4608 w
(Now,) 2341 4608 w
(they) 2594 4608 w
(issue) 2800 4608 w
(an) 3034 4608 w
(error) 3162 4608 w
(message) 3389 4608 w
(to) 3761 4608 w
(Standard) 3872 4608 w
(Error) 4260 4608 w
(and) 4503 4608 w
(abort) 4680 4608 w
(the) 4918 4608 w
(program if the I/O fails or encounters EOF.) 720 4728 w
(The) 720 4884 w
(1\255byte) 913 4884 w
(routines) 1206 4884 w
(were) 1566 4884 w
(new) 1797 4884 w
(in) 2001 4884 w
(Netpbm) 2117 4884 w
(10.27) 2477 4884 w
(\(March) 2740 4884 w
(2005\).) 3071 4884 w
(The) 3393 4884 w
(unsigned) 3587 4884 w
(versions) 3987 4884 w
(were) 4359 4884 w
(new) 4591 4884 w
(some\255) 4796 4884 w
(where around Netpbm 10.21 \(2004\).) 720 5004 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Maxval Arithmetic) 720 5244 w
(Entry Points) 720 5520 w
(int pm) 720 5712 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 5712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(maxvaltobits\( int) 1051 5712 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(maxval) 1801 5712 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2114 5712 w
(int pm) 720 5868 w
10 /S f
(_) 1001 5868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(bitstomaxval\( int) 1051 5868 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(bits) 1801 5868 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 1971 5868 w
(unsigned int pm) 720 6024 w
10 /S f
(_) 1411 6024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(lcm\( unsigned int) 1461 6024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(x) 2226 6024 w
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(, unsigned int) 2270 6024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(y) 2872 6024 w
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(, unsigned int) 2916 6024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(z) 3518 6024 w
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(, unsigned int) 3557 6024 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(limit) 4159 6024 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 4368 6024 w
(Description) 720 6264 w
(pm) 720 6456 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 6456 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(maxvaltobits\(\)) 909 6456 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(and) 1559 6456 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1737 6456 w
10 /S f
(_) 1876 6456 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(bitstomaxval\(\)) 1926 6456 w
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(convert) 2576 6456 w
(between) 2909 6456 w
(a) 3275 6456 w
(maxval) 3353 6456 w
(and) 3681 6456 w
(the) 3859 6456 w
(minimum) 4015 6456 w
(number) 4439 6456 w
(of) 4778 6456 w
(bits) 4895 6456 w
(required to hold it.) 720 6576 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 6732 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 6732 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(lcm\(\)) 909 6732 w
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(computes) 1167 6732 w
(the) 1587 6732 w
(least) 1746 6732 w
(common) 1966 6732 w
(multiple) 2353 6732 w
(of) 2724 6732 w
(3) 2845 6732 w
(integers.) 2933 6732 w
(You) 3337 6732 w
(also) 3547 6732 w
(specify) 3746 6732 w
(a) 4072 6732 w
(limit) 4154 6732 w
(and) 4382 6732 w
(if) 4564 6732 w
(the) 4663 6732 w
(LCM) 4823 6732 w
(would be higher than that limit,) 720 6852 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2006 6852 w
10 /S f
(_) 2145 6852 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(lcm\(\)) 2195 6852 w
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(just returns that limit.) 2441 6852 w
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10 /Times-Roman f
(\255 4 \255) 2797 480 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Gamma Arithmetic) 720 840 w
(Entry Points) 720 1116 w
(float pm) 720 1308 w
10 /S f
(_) 1078 1308 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gamma\( float) 1128 1308 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(intensity) 1721 1308 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2085 1308 w
(float pm) 720 1464 w
10 /S f
(_) 1078 1464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ungamma\( float) 1128 1464 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(brightness) 1833 1464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 2275 1464 w
(Description) 720 1704 w
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(In) 720 1896 w
(graphics) 832 1896 w
(processing,) 1199 1896 w
(there) 1680 1896 w
(are) 1908 1896 w
(two) 2058 1896 w
(common) 2237 1896 w
(ways) 2616 1896 w
(of) 2850 1896 w
(representing) 2962 1896 w
(numerically) 3484 1896 w
(the) 3990 1896 w
(intensity) 4141 1896 w
(of) 4515 1896 w
(a) 4628 1896 w
(pixel,) 4702 1896 w
(or) 4957 1896 w
(a component of a pixel.) 720 2016 w
(The) 720 2172 w
(obvious) 901 2172 w
(way) 1245 2172 w
(is) 1438 2172 w
(with) 1532 2172 w
(a) 1737 2172 w
(number) 1808 2172 w
(that) 2140 2172 w
(is) 2317 2172 w
(directly) 2411 2172 w
(proportional) 2743 2172 w
(to) 3264 2172 w
(the) 3369 2172 w
(light) 3518 2172 w
(intensity) 3729 2172 w
(\(e.g.) 4101 2172 w
(10) 4305 2172 w
(means) 4432 2172 w
(twice) 4714 2172 w
(as) 4957 2172 w
(many milliwatts per square centimeter as 5\).) 720 2292 w
(There are two problems with this:) 2542 2292 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 2448 w
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(To) 970 2448 w
(the) 1121 2448 w
(human) 1283 2448 w
(eye,) 1595 2448 w
(a) 1798 2448 w
(1) 1882 2448 w
(milliwatt) 1972 2448 w
(per) 2375 2448 w
(square) 2543 2448 w
(centimeter) 2844 2448 w
(difference) 3306 2448 w
(in) 3750 2448 w
(a) 3869 2448 w
(bright) 3954 2448 w
(image) 4234 2448 w
(is) 4519 2448 w
(much) 4627 2448 w
(less) 4890 2448 w
(apparent) 970 2568 w
(than) 1344 2568 w
(a) 1546 2568 w
(1) 1620 2568 w
(milliwatt) 1700 2568 w
(per) 2092 2568 w
(square) 2249 2568 w
(centimeter) 2539 2568 w
(difference) 2990 2568 w
(in) 3423 2568 w
(a) 3531 2568 w
(dark) 3605 2568 w
(image.) 3812 2568 w
(So) 4136 2568 w
(if) 4272 2568 w
(you) 4363 2568 w
(have) 4543 2568 w
(a) 4761 2568 w
(fixed) 4835 2568 w
(number) 970 2688 w
(of) 1306 2688 w
(bits) 1421 2688 w
(in) 1598 2688 w
(which) 1708 2688 w
(to) 1984 2688 w
(store) 2094 2688 w
(the) 2320 2688 w
(intensity) 2474 2688 w
(value,) 2851 2688 w
(you're) 3124 2688 w
(wasting) 3416 2688 w
(resolution) 3759 2688 w
(at) 4191 2688 w
(the) 4295 2688 w
(bright) 4449 2688 w
(end) 4720 2688 w
(and) 4896 2688 w
(skimping on it at the dark end.) 970 2808 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 2964 w
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(Monitor) 970 2964 w
(inputs) 1332 2964 w
(and) 1611 2964 w
(camera) 1789 2964 w
(outputs) 2110 2964 w
(aren't) 2439 2964 w
(directly) 2705 2964 w
(proportional) 3044 2964 w
(to) 3572 2964 w
(the) 3684 2964 w
(light) 3840 2964 w
(intensity) 4058 2964 w
(they) 4438 2964 w
(project) 4645 2964 w
(or) 4957 2964 w
(detect.) 970 3084 w
(For) 720 3276 w
(these) 898 3276 w
(reasons,) 1142 3276 w
(light) 1505 3276 w
(intensities) 1728 3276 w
(are) 2173 3276 w
(often) 2333 3276 w
(represented) 2577 3276 w
(in) 3075 3276 w
(graphics) 3192 3276 w
(processing) 3569 3276 w
(by) 4036 3276 w
(an) 4176 3276 w
(exponential) 4310 3276 w
(scale.) 4816 3276 w
(The) 720 3396 w
(transfer) 906 3396 w
(function) 1241 3396 w
(is) 1605 3396 w
(called) 1702 3396 w
(a) 1970 3396 w
(gamma) 2044 3396 w
(function) 2368 3396 w
(and) 2731 3396 w
(the) 2905 3396 w
(resulting) 3057 3396 w
(numbers) 3437 3396 w
(are) 3811 3396 w
(called) 3962 3396 w
(gamma\255corrected) 4230 3396 w
(or) 4957 3396 w
(gamma\255adjusted.) 720 3516 w
(There) 1456 3516 w
(are) 1714 3516 w
(various) 1861 3516 w
(gamma) 2181 3516 w
(functions.) 2501 3516 w
(The) 2949 3516 w
(Netpbm) 3130 3516 w
(formats) 3478 3516 w
(specify) 3809 3516 w
(that) 4123 3516 w
(intensities) 4299 3516 w
(are) 4732 3516 w
(rep\255) 4880 3516 w
(resented by gamma\255adjusted numbers of a particular gamma transfer function.) 720 3636 w
(These) 720 3792 w
(functions) 991 3792 w
(let) 1397 3792 w
(you) 1531 3792 w
(convert) 1715 3792 w
(back) 2048 3792 w
(and) 2270 3792 w
(forth) 2448 3792 w
(between) 2676 3792 w
(these) 3042 3792 w
(two) 3281 3792 w
(scales,) 3465 3792 w
(using) 3762 3792 w
(the) 4013 3792 w
(same) 4169 3792 w
(gamma) 4408 3792 w
(transfer) 4736 3792 w
(function that is specified in the Netpbm format specifications.) 720 3912 w
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(pm) 720 4068 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 4068 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gamma709) 909 4068 w
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(converts) 1422 4068 w
(from) 1808 4068 w
(an) 2050 4068 w
(intensity\255proportional) 2192 4068 w
(intensity) 3112 4068 w
(value) 3505 4068 w
(to) 3769 4068 w
(a) 3895 4068 w
(gamma\255adjusted) 3987 4068 w
(intensity) 4695 4068 w
(value) 720 4188 w
(\(roughly) 965 4188 w
(proportional) 1338 4188 w
(to) 1861 4188 w
(brightness,) 1968 4188 w
(which) 2432 4188 w
(is) 2704 4188 w
(the) 2799 4188 w
(human) 2949 4188 w
(subjective) 3249 4188 w
(perception) 3682 4188 w
(of) 4131 4188 w
(intensity\),) 4242 4188 w
(using) 4673 4188 w
(the) 4918 4188 w
(ITU\255R Recommendation BT.709 gamma transfer function.) 720 4308 w
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(pm) 720 4464 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 4464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(ungamma709) 909 4464 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is the inverse of) 1512 4464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2172 4464 w
10 /S f
(_) 2311 4464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(gamma709) 2361 4464 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 2827 4464 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Messages) 720 4704 w
(Overview) 720 4980 w
(void pm) 720 5172 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 5172 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\( char *) 1118 5172 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(fmt) 1819 5172 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(,) 1947 5172 w
(void pm) 720 5328 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 5328 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(setusermessagefn\(pm) 1118 5328 w
10 /S f
(_) 2027 5328 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(usermessagefn *) 2077 5328 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(function) 2798 5328 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\);) 3126 5328 w
(Description) 720 5568 w
(pm) 720 5760 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 5760 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 909 5760 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(is) 1368 5760 w
(a) 1479 5760 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(printf\(\)) 1567 5760 w
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(style) 1927 5760 w
(routine) 2160 5760 w
(to) 2487 5760 w
(write) 2609 5760 w
(an) 2858 5760 w
(informational) 2996 5760 w
(message) 3584 5760 w
(to) 3966 5760 w
(the) 4088 5760 w
(Standard) 4254 5760 w
(Error) 4653 5760 w
(file) 4907 5760 w
(stream.) 720 5880 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1077 5880 w
10 /S f
(_) 1216 5880 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 1266 5880 w
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(suppresses) 1721 5880 w
(the) 2188 5880 w
(message,) 2350 5880 w
(however,) 2753 5880 w
(if) 3161 5880 w
(the) 3262 5880 w
(user) 3424 5880 w
(specified) 3630 5880 w
(the) 4030 5880 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255quiet) 4192 5880 w
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(option) 4482 5880 w
(on) 4778 5880 w
(the) 4918 5880 w
(command) 720 6000 w
(line.) 1140 6000 w
(See) 1366 6000 w
(the) 1536 6000 w
(initialization) 1684 6000 w
(functions,) 2216 6000 w
(e.g.) 2639 6000 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pnm) 2810 6000 w
10 /S f
(_) 3005 6000 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(init\(\)) 3055 6000 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(,) 3266 6000 w
(for) 3318 6000 w
(information) 3461 6000 w
(on) 3960 6000 w
(the) 4087 6000 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255quiet) 4236 6000 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(option.) 4513 6000 w
(Note) 4846 6000 w
(that) 720 6120 w
(Netpbm) 896 6120 w
(programs) 1244 6120 w
(are) 1647 6120 w
(often) 1794 6120 w
(used) 2025 6120 w
(interactively,) 2234 6120 w
(but) 2784 6120 w
(also) 2938 6120 w
(often) 3125 6120 w
(used) 3356 6120 w
(by) 3565 6120 w
(programs.) 3691 6120 w
(In the interactive case,) 4143 6120 w
(it) 720 6240 w
(is) 809 6240 w
(nice) 909 6240 w
(to) 1108 6240 w
(issue) 1219 6240 w
(messages) 1452 6240 w
(about) 1862 6240 w
(what) 2117 6240 w
(the) 2344 6240 w
(program) 2499 6240 w
(is) 2871 6240 w
(doing,) 2972 6240 w
(but) 3259 6240 w
(in) 3421 6240 w
(the) 3533 6240 w
(program) 3689 6240 w
(case,) 4061 6240 w
(such) 4291 6240 w
(messages) 4508 6240 w
(are) 4919 6240 w
(usually) 720 6360 w
(undesirable.) 1035 6360 w
(By) 1571 6360 w
(using) 1714 6360 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1957 6360 w
10 /S f
(_) 2096 6360 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 2146 6360 w
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(for) 2587 6360 w
(all) 2729 6360 w
(your) 2855 6360 w
(messages,) 3064 6360 w
(you make your program usable in both) 3492 6360 w
(cases.) 720 6480 w
(Without) 1008 6480 w
(any) 1364 6480 w
(effort) 1536 6480 w
(on) 1785 6480 w
(your) 1913 6480 w
(part,) 2124 6480 w
(program) 2332 6480 w
(users) 2698 6480 w
(of) 2931 6480 w
(your) 3042 6480 w
(program) 3253 6480 w
(can) 3619 6480 w
(avoid) 3785 6480 w
(the) 4035 6480 w
(messages) 4185 6480 w
(by) 4590 6480 w
(specify\255) 4719 6480 w
(ing the) 720 6600 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(\255quiet) 1020 6600 w
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(option.) 1295 6600 w
(Netpbm) 720 6756 w
(distinguishes) 1074 6756 w
(between) 1629 6756 w
(error) 1993 6756 w
(messages) 2219 6756 w
(and) 2629 6756 w
(information) 2806 6756 w
(messages;) 3311 6756 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3749 6756 w
10 /S f
(_) 3888 6756 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 3938 6756 w
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(is) 4386 6756 w
(just) 4486 6756 w
(for) 4664 6756 w
(infor\255) 4813 6756 w
(mational messages.) 720 6876 w
(To issue an error message, see) 1547 6876 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 2785 6876 w
10 /S f
(_) 2924 6876 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(errormsg\(\)) 2974 6876 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3438 6876 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 720 7032 w
10 /S f
(_) 859 7032 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(setusermessagefn) 909 7032 w
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(registers) 1676 7032 w
(a) 2044 7032 w
(handler) 2118 7032 w
(for) 2447 7032 w
(informational) 2593 7032 w
(messages,) 3167 7032 w
(called) 3599 7032 w
(a) 3867 7032 w
(user) 3941 7032 w
(message) 4137 7032 w
(routine.) 4505 7032 w
(Any) 4868 7032 w
(library) 720 7152 w
(function) 1018 7152 w
(\(including) 1383 7152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1826 7152 w
10 /S f
(_) 1965 7152 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(message\(\)) 2015 7152 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(\)) 2430 7152 w
(that) 2495 7152 w
(wants) 2677 7152 w
(to) 2942 7152 w
(issue) 3052 7152 w
(an) 3284 7152 w
(informational) 3409 7152 w
(message) 3984 7152 w
(in) 4353 7152 w
(the) 4462 7152 w
(future) 4615 7152 w
(will) 4884 7152 w
(call that function with the message as an argument instead of writing the message to Standard Error.) 720 7272 w
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(\255 5 \255) 2797 480 w
(The argument the user message routine gets is English text designed for human reading.) 720 840 w
(It is just the text of) 4287 840 w
(the message; there is no attempt at formatting in it \(so you won't see any newline or tab characters\).) 720 960 w
(To capture error messages in addition to informational messages, see) 720 1116 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 3501 1116 w
10 /S f
(_) 3640 1116 w
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(setusererrormsgfn\(\)) 3690 1116 w
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(.) 4542 1116 w
(You) 720 1272 w
(can) 928 1272 w
(remove) 1102 1272 w
(the) 1437 1272 w
(user) 1595 1272 w
(message) 1797 1272 w
(routine,) 2171 1272 w
(so) 2515 1272 w
(that) 2640 1272 w
(the) 2826 1272 w
(library) 2984 1272 w
(issues) 3286 1272 w
(future) 3561 1272 w
(informational) 3835 1272 w
(messages) 4416 1272 w
(in) 4830 1272 w
(its) 4945 1272 w
(default way \(write to Standard Error\) by specifying a null pointer for) 720 1392 w
10 /Times-Italic f
(function) 3492 1392 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 3820 1392 w
(Example:) 3895 1392 w
(static pm) 820 1572 w
10 /S f
(_) 1184 1572 w
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(usermessagefn logfilewrite;) 1234 1572 w
(static void) 820 1692 w
(logfilewrite\(const char * const msg\) {) 820 1812 w
(fprintf\(mymsglog, "Netpbm message: %s", msg\);) 920 1932 w
(}) 820 2052 w
(pm) 820 2172 w
10 /S f
(_) 948 2172 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(setusermessagefn\(&logfilewrite\);) 998 2172 w
(pm) 820 2412 w
10 /S f
(_) 948 2412 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(message\("Message for the message log"\);) 998 2412 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(System Utilities) 720 2712 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 2904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(pm) 970 2904 w
10 /S f
(_) 1098 2904 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(system) 1148 2904 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 3060 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(pm) 970 3060 w
10 /S f
(_) 1098 3060 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(tmpfile) 1148 3060 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Keyword Matching) 720 3336 w
(Entry Points) 720 3612 w
(void pm) 720 3804 w
10 /S f
(_) 1068 3804 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(keymatch\(\);) 1118 3804 w
(Description) 720 4044 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(This subroutine is obsolete.) 720 4236 w
(It used to be used for command line option processing.) 1870 4236 w
(Today,) 4113 4236 w
(you) 4419 4236 w
(can) 4595 4236 w
(do) 4759 4236 w
(bet\255) 4885 4236 w
(ter) 720 4356 w
(option) 855 4356 w
(processing) 1141 4356 w
(more) 1598 4356 w
(easily) 1833 4356 w
(with) 2096 4356 w
(the) 2304 4356 w
(shhopt) 2456 4356 w
(facility.) 2753 4356 w
(See) 3116 4356 w
(any) 3290 4356 w
(recent) 3464 4356 w
(program) 3737 4356 w
(in) 4105 4356 w
(the) 4212 4356 w
(Netpbm) 4363 4356 w
(package) 4714 4356 w
(for) 720 4476 w
(an) 864 4476 w
(example.) 986 4476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(pm) 1402 4476 w
10 /S f
(_) 1541 4476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(keymatch\(\)) 1591 4476 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(does) 2101 4476 w
(a) 2312 4476 w
(case\255insensitive) 2384 4476 w
(match) 3044 4476 w
(of) 3316 4476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(str) 3427 4476 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(against) 3571 4476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(keyword) 3882 4476 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(.) 4254 4476 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(str) 4333 4476 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(can) 4478 4476 w
(be) 4645 4476 w
(a) 4768 4476 w
(lead\255) 4841 4476 w
(ing substring of) 720 4596 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(keyword) 1373 4596 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(, but at least) 1745 4596 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(minchars) 2253 4596 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(must be present.) 2678 4596 w
10 /S1 f
(________________________________________________________________________) 720 4716 w
10 /Times-Bold f
(Table Of Contents) 720 4956 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5148 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Functions) 970 5148 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5304 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Initialization) 970 5304 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5460 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(File Or Image Stream Access) 970 5460 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5616 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Endian I/O) 970 5616 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5772 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Maxval Arithmetic) 970 5772 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 5928 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Messages And Errors) 970 5928 w
10 /LucidaSansUnicode22 f
(\031) 720 6084 w
10 /Times-Roman f
(Keyword) 970 6084 w
cleartomark
showpage
saveobj restore
%%EndPage: 5 5
%%Trailer
done
%%DocumentFonts: Times-Roman LucidaSansUnicode22 Times-Italic Times-Bold S1 S
%%Pages: 5